Classification of Amino Acids by Multivariate Data Analysis, Based on Thermodynamic and Structural Characteristics

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to classify 20 natural amino acids. We selected 18 characteristics, properties available from literature, as a basis for the classification. The correlations between these characteristics and their classification were investigated, as well as the classification of the amino acids. The results are presented as score plots of the first 3 principal components and as dendrograms obtained by clustering analysis. The resulting classification is consistent with the chemical behavior of amino acids and their mutual substitution possibilities in peptides and proteins.

Multidimensional Population Balance Modeling for Pathological Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystals in the Presence of Amino Acids

“…The C region is a Ca 2+rich region that is firmly bound to negatively charged groups such as COO -. The P region is richer in PO 4 3and interacts with positively charged groups such as NH 3 + . It is concluded that the amino acids predominantly bind to negatively charged P regions in consequence of the strong hydrogen bonds.…”

“…As structural properties, both of these amino acids are polar/hydrophilic and forming hydrogen bonds. While L-Lys forms a cluster of basic amino acids, positively charged in proteins at physiological pH, L-Thr is neutral in proteins, but contains polar groups and shows hydrophilic properties [4].…”

Breed Effect on Milk Amino Acids Profile of Selected Indigenous Breeds of Cattle in Nigeria

“…From the PCs extracted, most of the amino acids in the milk of cows studied are varied within PC1. Amino acids have been classified into groups using different criteria (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017). These groups are aliphatic, aromatic, basic, acidic and nutral (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017).…”

“…Amino acids have been classified into groups using different criteria (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017). These groups are aliphatic, aromatic, basic, acidic and nutral (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017). Based on the PCs in SokotoGudali,PC2 could serve as an index for acidic amino acids (Glutamic and Aspartic acids) (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017) and therefore serve as an index for anti-oxidative and immune responses because of the roles they play in regulating gene expression, cell signaling, antioxidative responses and immunity (Yao et al, 2008;Bruhatet al, 2009;Wu, 2010).…”

“…These groups are aliphatic, aromatic, basic, acidic and nutral (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017). Based on the PCs in SokotoGudali,PC2 could serve as an index for acidic amino acids (Glutamic and Aspartic acids) (Horovitz and Pasca, 2017) and therefore serve as an index for anti-oxidative and immune responses because of the roles they play in regulating gene expression, cell signaling, antioxidative responses and immunity (Yao et al, 2008;Bruhatet al, 2009;Wu, 2010). Lysine and Methionine are having high loading in all the breeds which are the two most important amino acids in cows associated with increase protein synthesis for health and fertility, growth and nitrogen balance (National Research Council, NRC, 2001).…”