Classification of Composite Pegmatite via Staining and Digital Image Processing in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Deza, NE (Iraq)

Al-Hamed, Shareef; Aswad, Khalid J.; Aziz, Nabaz R. H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01575-6_70

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Based on the staining and digital image processing that provided by Al-Hamed et al (2019), the classification of the studied pegmatites was melano-diorite and gabbro (Table 2). The extinction angle of plagioclase was calculated to find out An mol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…such methods are discovered to be non-representative of bulk minerals, i.e. the classification zone should be markedly larger than the thin section to calculate the mode analysis (Al-Hamed et al, 2019). To overcome this problem, the staining and digital image processing were used (Al-Hamed et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the classification zone should be markedly larger than the thin section to calculate the mode analysis (Al-Hamed et al, 2019). To overcome this problem, the staining and digital image processing were used (Al-Hamed et al, 2019). The polished slabs were prepared in the Department of Geology, University of Mosul, Iraq, and stained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Images have taken for the polished and the stained surfaces by a digital camera. By the ENVI software, they were changed into various image styles to calculate and recalculate the color index M′, quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase proportions (Al-Hamed et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Dioritic-Gabbroic Pegmatites in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Diza, Northeastern Iraq

Al-Hamed¹,

Aswad²,

Aziz³

2020

INJES

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The pegmatite dikes and associated plutonic rocks stand as a part of the igneous complexes associated with the Bulfat complex, located in the Zagros Suture Zone (ZSZ), NE Iraq. The Bulfat complex is a part of the ophiolite-bearing terranes that are allochthonous sheets. The complex represents the upper allochthon of the Albian-Cenomenian. The study area is located within Bulfat complex of ZSZ, specifically in the northwestern part of this zone and within the second unit of the Penjween-Walash Subzone. The rock samples were collected from pegmatite dike which is located to the northeast of the Darishmana village, the thickness of dike is about 5 m.Electron microprobe analyses (EMPA) of plagioclase in 8 spots of dioritic pegmatites ranges between oligoclase (An18.00-An28.23) and andesine (An32.53-An33.62). Bulk whole-rock chemical analysis of fourteen samples using ICP-MS analysis reveals alkalinity Index (AI) of pegmatites to be metaluminous (A/NK > 2). Generally, the silica content in these pegmatites is from 46.70 wt. % to 52.67 wt. %.The relatively flat pattern of REEs is characterized by the slight enrichment of LREEs compared to HREEs indicating the common ancestry of the studied pegmatites. Also, the enrichment of these pegmatites in LILEs (Sr, Pb, Rb) and depletion in HFSEs especially (Nb, Ta, Y) indicate the environment of the island arcs. Moreover, the low ratios of (Rb/Sr)N and (Ba/Sr)N refer to that these pegmatites are derived from a basic origin.Tectonic discriminate diagrams show that the tectonic environment of studied pegmatites is I-type, which is the oceanic island arcs environment of sub alkaline rocks. The pegmatites of the present study have a genesis relationship with intrusions close to them in the study area; these intrusions are gabbros of Wadi Rashid that represent the environment of E-MORB. Moreover, the gabbros of Wadi Rashid and studied pegmatites are part of ophiolite-bearing terranes, they are found within upper allochthon thrust sheet. The current study of pegmatites reflects the oceanic island arcs environment, this indicates the existence of double island arcs, the first adjacent to the Arabian shelf, and the second close to the middle of paleo-ridge.Numerous evidences support that the gabbros of Wadi Rashid being as the likely parent to the studied pegmatites such as geochemistry, tectonogenesis, and the close spatial distribution of the pegmatites to the gabbros of Wadi Rashid. Moreover, the

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Dioritic-Gabbroic Pegmatites in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Diza, Northeastern Iraq

Al-Hamed¹,

Aswad²,

Aziz³

2020

INJES

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“…These methods are classical approved methods, but they need a long time to obtain reliable results. Al-Hamed et al (2019) classified pegmatites into syenitic-and gabbroic-pegmatites by digital image processing (ENVI software), where this technique was reliable for coarse-grained rocks. On the other hand, we will address the subject of the beginnings of the classification of limestone rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between the Classical Classification and Digital Classification for Selected Samples of Igneous and Carbonate Rocks

Al-Hamed

Malak

2021

IGJ

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As igneous rocks have widely chemical and mineralogical compositions, there are many ways to classify these rocks. These ways are classical approved methods to give a reliable classification and nomenclature of rocks. Some igneous rocks may be classified by digital image processing to assist in classical methods. Five igneous samples were cut, prepared of thin sections, and polished to classify them by classical methods and digital image processing by ENVI software. Moreover, part of these samples crushed an analysis of major oxides. The current igneous samples have referred to the basic and mesocratic rocks based on the classical methods and this has corresponded to ENVI software. The igneous samples have reflected the leucogabbros when classify them by classical and ENVI classifications, except the G5 sample, which has been referred to as gabbro by ENVI. There is a clear similarity between the classical and ENVI classifications. ENVI classification is a reliable classification to assist the classical methods in the nomenclature of igneous rocks, especially, plutonic rocks, it can be also applied to thin sections of volcanic rocks to classify and nomenclature classification by ENVI has been applied on fifty thin sections of limestones to identify microfacies which are classified beforehand by classical (optical) classification. According to optical classification, microfacies have classified as mudstone, wackestone, packstone, and grainstone. When the digital classification is applied to them, there is no grainstone texture found in these them. Digital thin sections, where the true name of these microfacies is packstone. Therefore, the positive sides of the digital image processing by ENVI software appeared and contrasted to the optical classification which contained some mistakes when applied to the nomenclature of these microfacies.

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Classification of Composite Pegmatite via Staining and Digital Image Processing in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Deza, NE (Iraq)

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Dioritic-Gabbroic Pegmatites in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Diza, Northeastern Iraq

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Dioritic-Gabbroic Pegmatites in the Bulfat Complex, Qala Diza, Northeastern Iraq

Comparison Between the Classical Classification and Digital Classification for Selected Samples of Igneous and Carbonate Rocks

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