Classification of electrophotonic images of yogic practice of mudra through neural networks

Abstract

Background:Mudras signify a gesture with hands, eyes, and the body. Different configurations of the joining of fingertips are also termed mudra and are used by yoga practitioners for energy manipulation and for therapeutic applications. Electrophotonic imaging (EPI) captures the coronal discharge around the fingers as a result of electron capture from the ten fingers. The coronal discharge around each fingertip is studied to understand the effect of mudra on EPI parameters.Methods:The participants were from Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana and Sushrutha Ayurvedic Medical College, in Bengaluru, India. There were 29 volunteers in the mudra group and 32 in the control group. There were two designs: one was a pre-post design with control the other was pre-post with repeated measures with 18 individuals practicing mudra for 3 days. The duration of intervention for the pre-post design was 10 min on the 1st day, 15 min on the 2nd day, and 20 min on the 3rd day. A neural network classifier was used for classifying mudra and control samples.Results:The EPI parameters, normalized area and average intensity, passed the test of normality Shapiro–Wilk. The Cohen's d, effect size was 0.988 and 0.974 for the mudra and control groups, respectively. Neural network-based analysis showed the classification accuracy of the post-intervention samples for mudra and control varied from 85% to 100% while the classification accuracy varied from 55% to 70% for the pre-intervention samples. The result of the mudra intervention showed statistically significant changes in the mean values on the 3rd day compared to the 1st day.Conclusions:The effect size of the variations in mudra was more than that of the control group. Mudra practice of a longer duration showed statistically significant change in the EPI parameter, average intensity in comparison to the practice on the 1st day.

Mudrā Yoga Dalam Teks Hatha Yoga Pradipika Dan Gerandha Saṁhitā

“…Mudrā adalah ekuivalen/representasi fisik dari sebuah mantra. Dalam hatha yoga, mudrā digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua titik energi di tubuh kita (Kumar et al, 2018). Mudrā adalah istilah dengan banyak arti.…”

“…Hatha Yoga Pradipika menegaskan bahwa bandha dan mudrā dilakukan bersama-sama dan teks-teks tantra kuno juga tidak membedakan keduanya (Kumar et al, 2018). Bandha secara ekstensif tergabung dalam mudrā dan juga dalam teknik pranayama.…”

Complex Trauma and the Wounded Spirit: Incorporating Spirituality Into Social Work Practice

“…Mudras are hand, body, or eye positions that channels and facilitates the flow of energy in and through the body. The Sanskrit word "mudra" from the root mud plus dhara, "meaning that which dissolves duality and brings the deity and devotee together" (Kumar et al, 2018). Each finger represents a different natural element, and each mudra is specific to an energetic purpose for inner resolution and restoration.…”

“…Each finger represents a different natural element, and each mudra is specific to an energetic purpose for inner resolution and restoration. Mudras have the ability to induce various states of consciousness while promoting mind, body, spirit integration (Kumar et al, 2018;Tomlinson, 2020). Mudras provide trauma victims and/or survivors with an easy and effective tool and skill to rewire the brain by sending a positive signal that immediately activates healing to the mind and body.…”