Classification of european building stock in technological and typological classes

Landolfo, Raffaele; Formisano, Antonio; Lorenzo, Giusy Di; Filippo, Andrea di

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103482

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the second step of the work, the process carried out for the four reference cities was extended to 100 representative cities in Europe. As already mentioned, according to the results obtained in step 1 and considering that the residential building stock in Europe is predominately characterized by masonry walls with medium-high thermal mass [28], the analysis was carried out just on the heavyweight wall option. The obtained results are reported in Table 3.…”

Section: Step 2: Simulation On the 100 Representative Cities Of Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Step 2: in the second step, since the residential building stock in Europe is predominately characterized by masonry walls with medium-high thermal mass [28], a total of 5300 simulations, i.e., 53 predefined insulation thicknesses for 100 representative locations in the whole Europe, have been performed only considering the heavyweight solution. Then, the optimal U-values for external walls, as verified by analysis, were reported on a map of Europe to provide guidance about optimal solutions according to different contexts.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In detail, the operational primary energy has been calculated assuming an HVAC system based on an electric vapour-compression ground source heat pump (GSHP) for climates with a number of heating degrees-days (HDD) lower than 2000 and an air source heat pump (ASHP) for climates characterized by HDD equal or greater than 2000. This threshold was selected analysing several studies in the literature reporting a comparison of the cost effectiveness of ASHPs and GSHPs, according to which the payback time of the latter becomes too long, typically above 2000 HDD [28].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optimal Balance between Heating, Cooling and Environmental Impacts: A Method for Appropriate Assessment of Building Envelope’s U-Value

et al. 2022

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In Europe, the recent application of regulations oriented to zero-energy buildings and climate neutrality in 2050 has led to a reduction in energy consumption for heating and cooling in the construction sector. The thermal insulation of the building envelope plays a key role in this process and the requirements about the maximum allowable thermal transmittance are defined by country-specific guidelines. Typically, high insulation values provide low energy consumption for heating; however, they may also entail a risk of overheating in summer period and thus negatively affect the overall performance of the building. In addition, the embodied energy and related emissions caused by the manufacturing and transportation processes of thermal insulation cannot be further neglected in the evaluation of the best optimal solution. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the influence in terms of embodied and operational energy of various walls’ thermal insulation thicknesses on residential buildings in Europe. To this end, the EnergyPlus engine was used for the energy simulation within the Ladybug and Honeybee tools, by parametrically conducting multiple iterations; 53 variations of external wall U-value, considering high- and low-thermal-mass scenarios, were simulated for 100 representative cities of the European context, using a typical multifamily building as a reference. The results demonstrate that massive walls generally perform better than lightweight structures and the best solution in terms of energy varies according to each climate. Accordingly, the wall’s thermal transmittance for the samples of Oslo, Bordeaux, Rome and Almeria representative of the Continental, oceanic temperate, Mediterranean, and hot, semi-arid climates were, respectively: 0.12, 0.26, 0.42, and 0.64 W/m2K. The optimal solutions are graphically reported on the map of Europe according to specific climatic features, providing a guidance for new constructions and building retrofit.

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Section: Step 2: Simulation On the 100 Representative Cities Of Europementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Optimal Balance between Heating, Cooling and Environmental Impacts: A Method for Appropriate Assessment of Building Envelope’s U-Value

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“…In fact, the main structure, made by reinforced concrete with hollow brick external walls, is a typical building construction in all Attica suburbs and city center [25]. In general, according to Landolfo et al [43], that analyzed the statistical data from the Greek National Statistical Institute, the Hellenic building stock is mainly divided between masonry buildings, which account of 39%, and reinforced concrete ones, with the greatest incidence, 58%. It is also the most widespread structure all over Europe.…”

Section: Case Study: the Building Renovation Of Athens Dormitorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, Environmental Impact and Indoor Environmental Quality of Add-Ons in Buildings

et al. 2022

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On a European scale, the existing building stock has poor energy performance and particularly vulnerable structures. Indeed, most of the existing buildings were built before the introduction of energy standards and under structural safety criteria different from those currently required. It is therefore necessary the intervention in existing buildings according to an integrated approach that contemplates both the structural safety and the energy efficiency of buildings. This study, consistently with the objectives of the European research project “Proactive synergy of integrated Efficient Technologies on buildings’ Envelopes (Pro-GET-OnE)”, proposes a retrofit intervention for a student dormitory of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The scope of the evaluation is to understand how an integrated intervention, that implies a structural and energy retrofit, as well as a spatial redistribution, leads to an improvement of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ). In detail, the structural retrofit was performed through exoskeleton that leads to the addition of new living spaces and to a remodeling of the building facades. The energy retrofit regarded all three levers of energy efficiency, and thus the building envelope, the microclimatic control systems, and the systems from renewable sources. The integrated intervention, in addition to a reduction of energy demand, has led to advantages in terms of IEQ. Thermal comfort, both during summer and winter, is improved and the hours of suitable CO2 concentration pass from 34% in the pre-retrofit stage up to 100% in the post retrofit stage.

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“…After the progressive collapses of Ronan Point in 1968 and the World Trade Center in 2001 [2,3], substantial efforts have been put into research on the robustness of steel and reinforced concrete structures [3]. At present, most of the building stock in Europe comprises reinforced concrete and masonry buildings [4]. As the use of timber in our built environment is being increasingly recognized as an important carbon sequestration tool [5], more and more timber buildings are also being built [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nonlinear Dynamic Model for Collapse Investigations in Tall Timber Buildings - Preliminary Results

Cao,

Esser,

Glarner

et al. 2023

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)

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Structural robustness of timber buildings is becoming increasingly relevant because of the increasing use of timber in the built environment. An important tool for assessing the robustness of any structure is an efficient numerical model capable of simulating progressive collapse. With such a model, physical tests can be limited to a few carefully selected validation tests and the robustness of a wide range of building typologies and geometries can be investigated efficiently. In this paper, a parametric nonlinear dynamic model for simulating progressive collapse of timber buildings is presented. Because of the parametric capabilities of the model, a vast range of buildings can be modelled. Moreover, the entirety of a collapse can be simulated with the recently developed mixed element method and the implementation of stress-and energy-based failure criteria for normal loading and impact loading. To demonstrate the capabilities of the model, a case study is presented on a symmetrical three-dimensional frame building with varying cross-sectional member dimensions. The model is an indispensable tool for investigating the robustness of timber buildings.

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Classification of european building stock in technological and typological classes

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Optimal Balance between Heating, Cooling and Environmental Impacts: A Method for Appropriate Assessment of Building Envelope’s U-Value

Optimal Balance between Heating, Cooling and Environmental Impacts: A Method for Appropriate Assessment of Building Envelope’s U-Value

Energy, Environmental Impact and Indoor Environmental Quality of Add-Ons in Buildings

A Nonlinear Dynamic Model for Collapse Investigations in Tall Timber Buildings - Preliminary Results

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