“…A significant part of modern technical products and systems includes parts and assemblies produced by casting methods that include, for example, valves, valve manifolds, heat sinks, electric motor housings, cylinder blocks, bushings, gears, gear housings, thermocouple housings, housings of rotary encoders, etc. This is due to the fact that modern parts with complex geometric shapes, obtained through the application of modern optimization methods, can be produced economically with only a small number of technological processes, one of which is casting [1][2][3]. For industrial application, and especially for large-scale production, machine casting in metal molds is commonly used.…”