Classification of Psychotropic Drugs by Rat EEG Analysis: The Anxiolytic Profile in Comparison to the Antidepressant and Neuroleptic Profile

Krijzer, F.; Molen, Renate van der

doi:10.1159/000118392

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies consistently found an increase in beta power by DZ that is restricted to active waking (Yamamoto, 1985;Krijzer and van der Molen, 1987;Valerio and Massotti, 1988;Coenen and Van Luijtelaar, 1989;Santucci et al, 1989;Van Lier et al, 2004;Siok et al, 2012). Our results suggest that this increase may result from a slowing of gamma frequencies, which shifts oscillation power into the beta band.…”

Section: Diazepam Effects On Eeg Power Spectrasupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Benzodiazepine effects on sleep-wake cycle and EEG spectra have been investigated over the last thirty years (Krijzer and van der Molen, 1987;Van Lier et al, 2004). However, recent evidence shows the importance of high-frequency network oscillations (Canolty et al, 2006;Gaona et al, 2011), which remained largely unexplored in previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Diazepam Effects On Eeg Power Spectrasupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…On the other hand, CDP produced marked variations in EEG spectra in all vigilance states, namely a decreased lower frequency (Ͻ10 Hz) EEG power with reduced activity, and an increased power at frequencies above 12 Hz were found. Similar pharmaco-EEG profiles were obtained after CDP (Krijzer and van der Molen, 1987;Detari et al, 1999) or diazepam (Krijzer and van der Molen, 1987;Tobler et al, 2001) treatments. The reduced activity after benzodiazepines can explain the learning and memory impairment observed as a side effect after most types of benzodiazepines (Buffett-Jerrott and Stewart, 2002;Buzsaki, 2002).…”

Section: Downloaded Fromsupporting

confidence: 66%

Despite Similar Anxiolytic Potential, the 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2C Receptor Antagonist SB-242084 [6-Chloro-5-methyl-1-[2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)-pyrid-5-yl Carbamoyl] Indoline] and Chlordiazepoxide Produced Differential Effects on Electroencephalogram Power Spectra

Kántor¹,

Jakus²,

Molnár³

et al. 2005

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serious efforts have been made to develop anxiolytics with improved clinical utility and reduced side effects. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 2C receptor antagonists are potential anxiolytics; however, their effects on vigilance are not well characterized. To compare the effects of benzodiazepines and subtype-selective 5-HT 2C receptor antagonists on anxiety, vigilance, and electroencephalogram (EEG) power density, social interaction test and polygraphic recordings were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats after chlordiazepoxide (CDP; 4.0 mg/kg i.p.) and SB-242084 (6-chloro-5-methyl-1-[2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)-pyrid-5-yl carbamoyl] indoline) (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg i.p.) treatment. CDP and SB-242084 (0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg) had similar anxiolytic effects. Spectral analysis of EEG in wakefulness (W) and paradoxical sleep (PS) showed an opposite effect on activity (5-9 Hz); it decreased after CDP, whereas it increased after SB-242084 (even at 0.1 mg/kg). In addition, CDP significantly decreased slow-wave activity (0.5-4 Hz) in deep slow-wave sleep (SWS-2) and increased power at frequencies above 12 Hz mainly in W and PS. A markedly increased intermediate stage of sleep was also found after CDP treatment. At the highest dose, SB-242084 increased W and decreased SWS-2. In summary, low but potent anxiolytic doses of the subtype-selective 5-HT 2C receptor antagonist SB-242084 did not affect vigilance states but caused an increased activity in W, raising the possibility of a cognitive-enhancing effect of the drug. In contrast, acute CDP administration, based on spectral analysis of the EEG, produced a more superficial sleep along with a decreased activity.Efforts to improve the clinical utility and reduce the side effects of classic benzodiazepines have a long history (Haefely et al., 1992). Although the anxiolytic properties of these drugs are well established both clinically and experimentally (Argyropoulos and Nutt, 1999;File and Seth, 2003), the side effects like impaired short-term memory, vigilance, or psychomotor performance limit their clinical applicability (Kunsman et al., 1992;van Laar et al., 2001;Buffett-Jerrott and Stewart, 2002). On the other hand, these effects are often subtle when low doses are involved (Kunsman et al., 1992), and tolerance develops to the sedative and psychomotor effects with their continued use as anxiolytics (Lucki et al., 1986).Pharmacological characterization of the effects of the

show abstract

“…These quotient spectra, each with 252 quotients, were used as input for an analysis of variance. This statistical analysis is used here in a purely descriptive way in order to reduce the vast amount of data into a more readily interpretable pre sentation [26], Following Latin-square analysis of variance and t test [27], for each quotient o f the spectrum, a drug treatment effect com pared with placebo is expressed as a l value with v degrees of free dom. To normalize these t values, they are multiplied by a factor , (v-2)/v (v = 12 for a complete experiment), which results in 252 n-values which are independent of the degrees of freedom.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Psychotropic Drugs Based on Pharmaco-electrocorticographic Studies in Vigilance-Controlled Rats

1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of a number of psycho-active drugs on electrocorticographic activity (ECoG) of the rat have been studied. Frontoparietal ECoG was recorded during 6-min periods immediately before drug/vehicle administration and starting at 20 and 45 min after administration. For each 6-min recording time, a mean power spectrum was calculated and smoothed. A quotient of the power at 20 and 45 min after and before drug, respectively, was then calculated. These quotients were used as input for an analysis of variance, followed by a t test and a normalization for the degrees of freedom, resulting in so-called n-profiles. Although each drug has its own characteristic n-profile, n-profiles of drugs belonging to the same clinical class have some characteristics in common. An automated classification system of psychotropic drugs, based on parameters extracted from n-profiles by discriminant analysis, is presented. For the antidepressant drug class the success rate of correct classification of antidepressant drugs is between 53 and 88%, for a neuroleptic drug in the neuroleptic drug class the success rate is 87%, for an anxiolytic drug in the anxiolytic drug class 100% and for a psychostimulant drug in the psycho-stimulant drug class between 86 and 100%. For a reliable classification of a drug about 10 n-profiles of active doses are needed. Using n-profiles, it appeared also possible to discriminate between antidepressant, neuroleptic, anxiolytic and psychostimulant drugs based on visual judgement. Moreover, visual evaluation of the n-profiles enables 4 subclasses to be recognized within the antidepressant class, 2 subclasses within the neuroleptic and 2 subclasses within the anxiolytic class.

show abstract

Classification of Psychotropic Drugs by Rat EEG Analysis: The Anxiolytic Profile in Comparison to the Antidepressant and Neuroleptic Profile

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

Despite Similar Anxiolytic Potential, the 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2C Receptor Antagonist SB-242084 [6-Chloro-5-methyl-1-[2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)-pyrid-5-yl Carbamoyl] Indoline] and Chlordiazepoxide Produced Differential Effects on Electroencephalogram Power Spectra

Classification of Psychotropic Drugs Based on Pharmaco-electrocorticographic Studies in Vigilance-Controlled Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About