“…Digital topology focuses on studying digital topological properties of nD digital spaces [7,26,27], which has contributed to some areas of computer sciences such as computer graphics, image processing, mathematical morphology and so forth. In digital topology, although there are several approaches of studying digital images [1,7,11,15,16,20,22,26,29], the present paper follows an M-topological approach [13,19,29]. Since M-topology is considered in the Euclidean 2D space with integer coordinates, it plays an important role in digital topology and digital geometry.…”