Classifying individual differences in interoception: Implications for the measurement of interoceptive awareness

Murphy, Jennifer; Catmur, Caroline; Bird, Geoffrey

doi:10.3758/s13423-019-01632-7

Cited by 152 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Metacognitive insight into performance was operationalized as the correspondence between interoceptive accuracy (heartbeat tracking task) and interoceptive sensibility [BPQ and confidence ratings (7,49)]. In the present study this was measured as group correlations between heartbeat tracking scores, and BPQ and confidence ratings.…”

Section: Metacognitive Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: Exploring Associations With Alexithymia and Autistic Traits

2020

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Background: Previous research on whether interoception is altered in anorexia nervosa (AN) using the heartbeat tracking task has yielded inconsistent results. However, no previous research has examined whether interoception is associated with alexithymia and autistic traits in AN, conditions which are more prevalent in this population and thought to be related to performance in this task. The aim of this study was to explore whether altered interoception in AN is associated with alexithymia and autistic traits. Methods: We assessed interoceptive accuracy using the heartbeat tracking task in n = 37 people with AN, and n = 37 age and gender matched healthy controls (HC), and explored within the AN group if interoceptive accuracy was related to self-rated alexithymia or autistic traits. We also assessed self-reported interoceptive ability, and the relationship between subjective and actual performance. Results: Heartbeat tracking task performance was not found to be altered in the AN group compared to the HC group. However, confidence ratings in task performance in the AN group were lower compared to the HC group. Unlike the HC group, confidence ratings in the AN group did not correlate with task performance. Within the AN group there was no relationship between interoceptive accuracy, alexithymia, and autistic traits, after controlling for the potential confounders of anxiety and depression. There was a relationship between confidence ratings and illness severity in the AN group. Conclusion: The results found no differences between heartbeat tracking task performance in people with AN compared to HC. There was no association between task performance, alexithymia and autistic traits in AN. Results do suggest that people with AN exhibit lowered confidence in their task performance, and that they may lack insight into this performance compared to HC. The findings are discussed in the context of potential significant limitations of the heartbeat tracking task, with recommendations for future research into interoception in AN.

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Section: Metacognitive Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: Exploring Associations With Alexithymia and Autistic Traits

2020

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“…From another perspective, interoception has various dimensions, i.e. interoceptive accuracy (sensitivity), interoceptive sensibility, interoceptive awareness, and others [14,53,54]. Therefore, it is uncertain whether the conclusions drawn from experiments using one specific method, e.g.…”

Section: Differences From Somatic Symptoms Measured By the Tas-20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shitsu-taikan-sho (alexisomia): a historical review and its clinical importance

Oka

2020

BioPsychoSocial Med

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“Shitsu-taikan-sho” is a clinical concept that refers to characteristics of having difficulty in the awareness and expression of somatic feelings or sensations. This concept was first proposed in 1979 by Dr. Yujiro Ikemi, the founder of psychosomatic medicine in Japan, as a characteristic observed in patients with psychosomatic diseases, i.e. physical diseases in which psychosocial factors are closely involved in their onset and progress. Soon after Dr. Ikemi introduced to Japan the concept of alexithymia, coined by P. E. Sifneos in 1973, he noticed that patients with psychosomatic diseases have difficulty in describing not only their emotions, but also somatic feelings and sensations. Dr. Ikemi proposed naming the concept of the trait of lacking somatic awareness “shitsu-taikan-sho” in Japanese (“alexisomia” in English), meaning “shitsu” a lack, “taikan” bodily feelings/sensations, and “sho” condition/symptoms. Dr. Ikemi observed characteristics of both alexithymia and alexisomia in patients with psychosomatic diseases, but considered alexisomia to have a more fundamental pathophysiological role in the understanding of psychosomatic diseases. He also emphasized the importance of treating alexisomia when treating psychosomatic diseases. Recently, alexisomia has again come into focus for various reasons. One is the availability of the Shitsu-taikan-sho Scale (STSS), a self-rating questionnaire to evaluate alexisomic tendency. Another is recent advances in basic research on interoception. The former will facilitate clinical studies on alexisomia, and the latter will enable a deeper understanding of alexisomia. This article is an overview of the historical development of the concept of alexisomia which was conceptualized by Dr. Ikemi, introduces the STSS, and discusses the current understanding and clinical importance of alexisomia in psychosomatic medicine.

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“…Thus far, we have focused on interoceptive accuracy, but there are other aspects of interoceptive ability that may be quantified using the HCT and HDT. In addition to accuracy it is now common for studies to obtain confidence ratings during tasks of interoceptive accuracy in order to assess both one's interoceptive sensibility (self-reported beliefs regarding interoceptive accuracy) and to calculate interoceptive awareness (a metacognitive measure reflecting the correspondence between interoceptive accuracy and interoceptive sensibility; Garfinkel et al, 2015;Murphy, Catmur, & Bird, 2019b). For both tasks, interoceptive sensibility is calculated by averaging the confidence ratings obtained across trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 'confidence analysis' is named as such for clarity due to differences in the literature with regards to the naming structure of interoceptive abilities and the frequent use of the term 'sensibility' to relate to both confidence ratings and questionnaires of interoceptive sensibility which may index different abilities(Murphy et al, 2019b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between heartbeat counting and heartbeat discrimination: A meta-analysis

Hickman

Seyedsalehi

Cook

et al. 2020

Biological Psychology

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Interoception concerns the perception of the body's internal state. Despite the importance of this ability for health and aspects of higher-order cognition, its measurement remains problematic. Most studies of interoception employ one of two tasks: the heartbeat counting or heartbeat discrimination task. These tasks are thought to index common abilities, an assertion often used to justify the use of a single measure of cardiac interoception. However, mixed findings regarding the relationship between performance on these tasks raises the question of whether they can be used interchangeably to assess interoceptive accuracy, confidence and awareness ('metacognition'). The present study employed a meta-analytical approach to assess the association between these tasks. Pooled findings from 22 studies revealed a small relationship between accuracy scores on the measures. Additional analyses demonstrated a moderate relationship between confidence ratings but no association between measures of interoceptive awareness. These findings question the interchangeable use of the two tasks.

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Classifying individual differences in interoception: Implications for the measurement of interoceptive awareness

Cited by 152 publications

References 27 publications

Interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: Exploring Associations With Alexithymia and Autistic Traits

Interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: Exploring Associations With Alexithymia and Autistic Traits

Shitsu-taikan-sho (alexisomia): a historical review and its clinical importance

The relationship between heartbeat counting and heartbeat discrimination: A meta-analysis

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