Clastic sediment transport and storage in fluviokarst aquifers: an essential component of karst hydrogeology

Herman, Ellen; Toran, Laura; White, William Β.

doi:10.1007/s13146-012-0112-7

Cited by 54 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…However, while it is so much volumetrically greater than organic carbon, inorganic carbon in karst is of less importance relative to climate change because it is naturally sequestered in karst aquifers at geologic time scales while organic carbon is produced biologically and released for storage into karst aquifers at far more rapid rates. Herman et al (2012) provide a detailed overview of sediment transport studies in karst aquifers and offer an insightful analysis of the role of fluid hydrodynanics. Unfortunately, they do not distinguish between organic and inorganic carbon in the sediments.…”

Section: Quantifying Sediment and Carbon Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Position with respect to the water table is the least reliable predictor of sediment transport; conduits high in the vadose zone have the greatest competence to erode sediments while those closer to the water table are more likely to carry converged groundwater flow with a far greater capacity to move sediment. Herman et al (2012) provide a detailed review of factors affecting sediment transport through karst aquifers.…”

Section: Introduction George Veni Conduit Morphology and Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolonged sediment surplus will result in the filling of the conduits and a non-or poorly-functional aquifer; Herman et al (2012) offer an equation that quantifies this behavior. Typically, a cave stream will erode or deposit sediment until equilibrium is reached relative to the volume, gradient, grain size, and other conditions of the stream.…”

Section: Introduction George Veni Conduit Morphology and Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for assessing the role of karst conduit morphology, hydrology, and evolution in the transport and storage of carbon and associated sediments

Veni¹

2013

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IzvlečekUDK 551.444:546.26 George Veni: Osnova za ocenjevanje vloge morfologije, hidro logije in razvoja kraških kanalov pri prenosu in skla diščenju ogljika in sorodnih sedimentov Kraški vodonosniki in kanali nastajajo z raztapljanjem karbonatnih mineralov in počasnim sproščanjem anorganskega ogljika. Z razvojem morfologije, velikosti in položajem znotraj vodonosnika, se njihova funkcija in zmogljivost skladiščenja ter prenosa anorganskega in organskega ogljika spremenita. Kanali sedimentom služijo predvsem kot transportni mehanizmi. Merjeni podatki so redki, vendar je za učinkovito delovanje kanalov potrebno vsaj ravnotežje med količino sedimentov, ki vstopijo in izstopijo iz vodonosnika. Ko količina sedimentov preseže vstopne vrednosti, bo nekaj sedimenta ostalo v podzem lju. Ko naravno upadanje doseže odstranitev sedimentov in prihaja le do odlaganja sige, se ta material uskladišči vse do popolne denudacije kamninske mase. Skladiščenje sedimenta je v hidrološko aktivnih kanalih večinoma prehodno, vendar prihaja do relativnih razlik v različnih vodonosnikih. Vodonosniki s kanali, razvitimi v več nivojih ali kot labirinti poplavnih voda, skladiščijo sorazmerno večje količine sedimentov. Hipogeni sistemi hranijo večje količine usedlin kot epigeni vodonosniki, saj večinoma prevajajo raztopljeni material in ne toliko kombinacije raztopljenih in suspendiranih klastičnih usedlin. Poleg tega se hipogeni vodonosniki večinoma napajajo s padavinami in tako prejmejo in skladiščijo le malo sedimentov s površine. Količina sedimentov in organskega ogljika shranjenega v kraških vodonosnikih na globalni ravni je v tej študiji ocenjena na 2x10 4 km 3 and 2x10 2 km 3 . Količina organskega ogljika shranjenega v paleokrasu ni ocenjena, vendar razpoložljivi podatki kažejo, da je bistveno večja od količine, shranjene v aktivnih kraških vodonosnikih. Ureditev teh podatkov lahko nakaže, da bi zaloge nafte v paleokrasu lahko služile kot učinkoviti ponori ogljika za globalno skladiščenja ogljika. Paleokraške zaloge z manjšo vsebnostjo ogljikovodikov morajo zagotoviti bistveno več skladiščenja kot je to značilno za nepaleokraške kamnine. Ključne besede: sediment, ogljik, paleokras, morfologija kanalov, kraška hidrologija, skladiščenje. Abstract UDC 551.444:546.26 George Veni: A framework for assessing the role of karst con duit morphology, hydrology, and evolution in the transport and storage of carbon and associated sediments Karst aquifers and conduits form by dissolution of carbonate minerals and the slow release of inorganic carbon to the surface environment. As conduits evolve in size, morphology, and position within the aquifer, their function and capacity change relative to the storage and transport of inorganic and organic carbon as sediment. Conduits serve mostly as transport mechanisms in relation to sediments. quantified data are sparse, but for conduits to function effectively there must be at least equilibrium in the amount of sediment entering and exiting the aquifer. If sediment discharge exceeds input, little sediment w...

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Section: Quantifying Sediment and Carbon Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction George Veni Conduit Morphology and Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction George Veni Conduit Morphology and Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for assessing the role of karst conduit morphology, hydrology, and evolution in the transport and storage of carbon and associated sediments

Veni¹

2013

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“…As fácies de canal são depositadas durante ciclos hidrológicos ordinários (Herman et al, 2012), apresentam ampla variação textural podendo ser compostas por várias subfácies descritivas e podem, ainda, apresentar variações bruscas ao longo da coluna estratigráfi ca (Figura 2). As fácies de talvegue, por sua vez, constituem-se de sedimentos muito grossos (superiores a cascalho) bem selecionados, embutidos em discordância em meio às fácies de canal devido sua remoção por causa da erosão praticada durante eventos hidrológicos extremos (Herman et al, 2012). Ambas as fácies (canal e talvegue) compreendem depósitos trativos, transportados predominantemente como carga de fundo.…”

Section: Fácies Sedimentares Na Zona De Oscilação Do Nível D'águaunclassified

Sedimentos Clásticos Em Sistemas De Cavernas E Suas Contribuições Em Estudos Geomorfológicos: Uma Revisão

Laureano

Karmann

2013

Rev. Bras. Geomorfol.

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ResumoSedimentos detríticos depositados em sistemas de cavernas são relativamente bem protegidos dos processos intempéricos superfi ciais e, em diversos casos, susceptíveis ao emprego de técnicas de datação. Constituem, pois, objetos de investigação em estudos geomorfológicos e paleoambientais. O artigo apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre sedimentos clásticos em cavernas: fácies, proveniência e estratigrafi a. As fácies sedimentares encontradas na bibliografi a consultada são apresentadas conforme sua deposição na zona vadosa, na zona de oscilação do nível d'água e na zona freática. Os principais métodos geocronológicos aplicados a este tipo de depósito ( 14 C, U-Th, Paleomagnetismo e Isótopos Cosmogênicos) são brevemente apresentados no sentido de ressaltar suas potencialidades e limitações em estudos geomorfológicos. São ainda apresentadas as principais contribuições da análise do registro sedimentar cavernícola no âmbito da obtenção de idades para cavernas, da espeleogênese ou do desenvolvimento da porosidade secundária do aqüífero cárstico, da quantifi cação de taxas erosivas e do balizamento cronológico de evolução do relevo. AbstractCave clastic deposits are often well protected from surface weathering processes and in several cases, they can be dated. Furthermore, they are valuable for geomorphic and palaeoenvironmental studies. This paper presents a literature review on cave clastic sediments: facies, provenance and stratigraphy. Sedimentary facies are described as related to their deposition in vadose, water table and phreatic zones. The major geochronological methods ( 14 C, U-Th, Paleomagnetism and Cosmogenic Isotopes) are presented in terms of their potential and limitations on geomorphic investigations. The text also summarizes the role of cave sediments in dating cave systems, speleogenesis and evolving karst porosity analysis, as well as for measuring erosion rates and dating landscape evolution.

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“…A compact deposit and an absence of any deposition marks in Urubu Cave is an evidence of deposition under low currents, slackwater (Herman et al, 2012), and not strong changes in water flow since ~7,000 yr BP. Otherwise, marks such as ripples, crescent marks, and rill marks would be evidence of water flow and flow direction, characterizing intense fluviokarst currents, but the presence of pools could be an environment of low current deposition (González-Lemos et al, 2015), since the deposit analyzed is in the upper salon.…”

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confidence: 92%

Variações paleoambientais e paleoclimáticas durante o holoceno no Rio Grande do Norte a partir do estudo de registros geoquímicos de sedimentos de lagos e cavernas

Utida¹

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Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo e a CAPES pelas bolsas de doutorado no país e de doutorado sanduíche.Aos meus pais, pelo amor, incentivo е apoio incondicional.A toda minha família pelo apoio, carinho e compreensão da minha ausência.Ao Cristiano Roberto B. da Silva pelo apoio, carinho, companhia e incentivo. Figura 10 -Distribuição média recente das chuvas no Brasil durante os meses de dezembro, janeiro e fevereiro (DJF), março, abril e maio (MAM), junho, julho e agosto (JJA), e setembro, outubro e novembro (SON Figura 23 -Cromatograma obtido em GCMS com (A) identificação dos hopanos e moléculas da fração ácidos n-alcanos e (B) identificação das moléculas de ácidos n-alcanóicos, ambos do ABSTRACT Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic variations during the Holocene at Rio Grande doNorte inferred from studies about sediment geochemistry of lakes and cavesThe northern sector of Nordeste of Brazil (NEB) is one of the most interesting regions to study mechanisms and processes related to fluctuations tropical rainfall, as the majority of annual precipitation is associated to the meridional migration of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Climate in NEB changed during the Holocene, although paleoclimatic interpretations are still controversial due to small number of studies. This study contribute to the discussion about paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes of NEB by using geochemistry, micropaleontological, biogeochemistry and deuterium and carbon isotope analyses in lacustrine sediments and bat guano, and also speleothem isotope records from middle to late Holocene.Studies from Boqueirão Lake suggested that its formation occurred due to the fluvio-eolian dynamic, which resulted in blockage of fluvial channels during the holocenic humid period. Transition between fluvial and lacustrine system recorded the barrage formation and was defined around 4,500 years BP and suggested by the substitution of fluvial sponge spicules to lacustrine diatoms, mainly Mastogloia smithii var. lacustres, preserved in sediments. These data demonstrated that depth fluctuations of Boqueirão Lake were not associated to local precipitation accumulation.Paleoclimatic changes were reconstructed from Boqueirão Lake and Trapiá Cave based on δD of n-alkanoic acids of 28 carbons, which are produced by terrestrial (Wang et al., 2004;Cruz et al., 2005Cruz et al., , 2006; Van-Breukelen et al., 2008;Bird et al., 2011; Stríkis et al., 2011;Kanner et al., 2012;Novello et al., 2012; Mosbleach et al., 2012; , 2005, 2006) e no oeste da bacia amazônica e nos altiplanos andinos Mosbleah et al., 2012;.O aumento da insolação de verão austral é acompanhado pela redução da insolação de verão boreal. Esse padrão antifásico do balanço radiativo estabelecido nas relações inter-hemisférica é observado na comparação entre os registros de espeleotemas associados à atividade do SMAS com os registros da sudeste da China, associadas às monções asiáticas (Wang et al., 2001(Wang et al., , 2004(Wang et al., , 2006 Novello et al., 2012). A maior pa...

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Clastic sediment transport and storage in fluviokarst aquifers: an essential component of karst hydrogeology

Cited by 54 publications

References 112 publications

A framework for assessing the role of karst conduit morphology, hydrology, and evolution in the transport and storage of carbon and associated sediments

A framework for assessing the role of karst conduit morphology, hydrology, and evolution in the transport and storage of carbon and associated sediments

Sedimentos Clásticos Em Sistemas De Cavernas E Suas Contribuições Em Estudos Geomorfológicos: Uma Revisão

Variações paleoambientais e paleoclimáticas durante o holoceno no Rio Grande do Norte a partir do estudo de registros geoquímicos de sedimentos de lagos e cavernas

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