Clastogenic effects of bisphenol A on human cultured lymphocytes

Abstract

Abstract:Bisphenol-A is an endocrine disrupting compound widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It is ubiquitously present in the environment, mostly in aquatic environments, with consequent risks to the health of aquatic organisms and humans. In the present study we analysed the cytogenetic effects of bisphenol-A on human lymphocytes using in vitro chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei assays. Lymphocyte cultures were exposed to five different concentrations of BP-A (0.20, 0.10, 0.05, 0.02 and 0.01 µg/mL) for 24 h (for chromosomal aberrations test) and 48 h (for micronuclei test). The concentration of 0.05 µg/mL represents the reference dose established by United States Environmental Protection Agency; 0.02 µg/mL represents the higher concentration of unconjugated BP-A found in human serum and 0.01 µg/mL represents the tolerable daily intake established by European Union. Data obtained with both assays showed significant genotoxic effects of the bisphenol-A at concentrations of 0.20, 0.10 and 0.05 µg/mL, whereas at the concentration of 0.02 µg/mL we observed only a significant increase in the micronuclei frequency. Finally, at the concentration of 0.01 µg/mL no cytogenetic effects were observed, indicating this latter as a more tolerable concentration for human health with respect to 0.05 µg/mL, the reference dose established by US EPA.

Induction of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei by 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (oxybenzone) in human lymphocytes

“…Notably, for BP-3 we observed a clastogenic effect also at the lower concentrations of 0.025 and 0.0125 µg/mL, whereas for the BP-A, another endocrine disruptor compound with a very similar molecular weight to that of BP-3, we failed to found it (Santovito et al, 2017). This more acute effect of BP-3 with respect of BP-A has been observed, by our group, also in in vivo experiments conducted using the marine polychaete Ophryotrocha diadema.…”

In vitro evaluation of genomic damage induced by glyphosate on human lymphocytes

“…Blood samples were obtained by venipuncture, collected in heparinised tubes, cooled (4°C) and processed within 2 h after collection. Lymphocyte cultures, fixation and staining procedures were performed according to Santovito et al (2018). After 24 h of incubation, 8.6 µL of glyphosate stock solution at concentration of 0.5 mg/mL were added to the lymphocyte culture in order to reach a final glyphosate concentration of 0.500 µg/mL.…”

Plastics in Cyanobacterial Blooms—Genotoxic Effects of Binary Mixtures of Cylindrospermopsin and Bisphenols in HepG2 Cells

“…Apart from the well-known endocrine disruption effects of BPA, evidence for its potential genotoxicity is accumulating (for a review see: [37,40]). BPA and its metabolites have been reported to induce DNA strand breaks in vitro [44][45][46] and in vivo [47], chromosomal aberrations in vitro [45,48] and in vivo [45,47,48], and to form DNA adducts in vitro [45,49,50] and in vivo [51]. Similar data for BPA analogues are again scarce.…”