Clastogenicity and aneuploidy in newborn and adult mice exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields

Udroiu, Ion; Cristaldi, M.; Ieradi, La; Bedini, Angelico; Giuliani, Livio; Tanzarella, Caterina

doi:10.1080/09553000600876660

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Free radical activity and DNA breaks may be considered as the main causes of the significant increase (Table 3 and Figure 5) in the micronucleus induction of newborn rats bone marrow, and similar results were previously reported [30, 31]. Also Lai and Singh [4, 32] reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) interact with the spindle apparatus and cause micronucleus induction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Hazards in Brain and Bone Marrow Cells of Newborn Rats Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

Rageh

El-Gebaly

Elbialy

2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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The present study aimed to evaluate the association between whole body exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) and genotoxic , cytotoxic hazards in brain and bone marrow cells of newborn rats. Newborn rats (10 days after delivery) were exposed continuously to 50 Hz, 0.5 mT for 30 days. The control group was treated as the exposed one with the sole difference that the rats were not exposed to magnetic field. Comet assay was used to quantify the level of DNA damage in isolated brain cells. Also bone marrow cells were flushed out to assess micronucleus induction and mitotic index. Spectrophotometric methods were used to measure the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results showed a significant increase in the mean tail moment indicating DNA damage in exposed group (P < 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001). Moreover ELF-MF exposure induced a significant (P < 0.01, 0.001) four folds increase in the induction of micronucleus and about three folds increase in mitotic index (P < 0.0001). Additionally newborn rats exposed to ELF-MF showed significant higher levels of MDA and SOD (P < 0.05). Meanwhile ELF-MF failed to alter the activity of GSH. In conclusion, the present study suggests an association between DNA damage and ELF-MF exposure in newborn rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Hazards in Brain and Bone Marrow Cells of Newborn Rats Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

Rageh

El-Gebaly

Elbialy

2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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“…Furthermore, our data also suggest that animals in the neonatal period are more sensitive to Radon as compared to fetuses [12,13].…”

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confidence: 50%

Genotoxic Effects in Mice Exposed to Radon Emissions in Indoor Conditions. Comparison between in utero and Neonatal Exposures

Foschi¹,

Orta²,

Radicchi³

et al. 2016

JLS

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to develop a biological model to evaluate the genotoxic effects of natural emissions of Radon-222 and its decay products. To this aim, mice of the Swiss CD1 strain were exposed to Radon for different periods (adult life, early postnatal and in utero exposure) and two simple but accurate mutagenicity tests (Micronucleus test and the Comet assay) were applied to the peripheral blood of mice. The study was carried out in two small towns in Latium region-Italy, where radon pollution is notoriously present due to the volcanic soils. One experiment was carried out in the cellar of a house in Ciampino (Rome) and two experiments were performed in an old cellar in Vetralla (Viterbo). The results showed that in all mice groups exposed to natural emissions of radon and its decay products, the micronucleated erythrocytes frequency (ME) was significantly higher than that observed in the mice control. The single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) was performed in lymphocytes of adult mice in the last experiment. The results for this test also show that DNA damage was higher than in the cells of the mice control and the cells of mice exposed for a shorter period of time. To confirm these findings, the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) was performed in lymphocytes of adult mice in the last experiment. Similarly, this result could be linked to a greater sensitivity of neonatal mice to radon emissions compared with intrauterine mice. Further investigations on the effects of radon and its decay products during the intrauterine life and the first neonatal period should be performed to better clarify its genotoxic activity.

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“…It is out of the scope of this review to provide a complete synopsis of published data. For example, only 2 studies among the most recent publications suggesting an effect are mentioned: (1) A small but statistically significant increase of micronuclei containing centromeres was shown in peripheral blood erythrocytes of newborn mice after chronic prenatal exposures to ELF-EMF [Udroiu et al, 2006], and (2) increased levels of hyperploidy (as detected by interphase FISH) were shown after 72 h exposure of human lymphocytes to RF-EMF [Mazor et al, 2008]. A major shortcoming of these studies is that they are mere observations and do not test any biologically plausible mechanism (e.g.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Hazard in the Aetiology of Somatic and Germ Cell Aneuploidy

Pacchierotti

Eichenlaub-Ritter

2011

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Sources of environmental exposures to potentially aneugenic agents are many and include occupational and therapeutic exposures, and exposures associated with lifestyle habits. In this present study, some of these agents and exposure scenarios are discussed that involve potentially large population targets and/or seem to affect chromosome segregation by previously unsuspected mechanisms: metals, possibly acting by epigenetic mechanisms; nano-sized particles that might directly interact with subcellular components of the mitotic and meiotic machineries; cytostatic drugs in healthcare occupations; anticancer therapies potentially affecting the genetic integrity of gametes; continuously increasing electromagnetic field exposures with some sparse evidence of aneugenic activity; endocrine disruptors and their seemingly elusive effects in mouse oocytes, including the first evidence that prenatal exposure could affect meiotic nondisjunction in adult life. Hazards are considered for both somatic cells at risk of neoplastic transformation or tumour progression by chromosome loss and gain and germ cells at risk of heritable aneuploidies associated with spontaneous abortions or genetic diseases. Finally, possible synergistic interactions between environmental exposure and ageing or genetic predisposition are considered that could influence ultimate risks.

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Clastogenicity and aneuploidy in newborn and adult mice exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Assessment of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Hazards in Brain and Bone Marrow Cells of Newborn Rats Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

Assessment of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Hazards in Brain and Bone Marrow Cells of Newborn Rats Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

Genotoxic Effects in Mice Exposed to Radon Emissions in Indoor Conditions. Comparison between in utero and Neonatal Exposures

Environmental Hazard in the Aetiology of Somatic and Germ Cell Aneuploidy

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