Claudins in teleost fishes

Abstract

Teleost fishes are a large and diverse animal group that represent close to 50% of all described vertebrate species. This review consolidates what is known about the claudin (Cldn) family of tight junction (TJ) proteins in teleosts. Cldns are transmembrane proteins of the vertebrate epithelial/endothelial TJ complex that largely determine TJ permeability. Cldns achieve this by expressing barrier or pore forming properties and by exhibiting distinct tissue distribution patterns. So far, ~63 genes encoding for Cldn TJ proteins have been reported in 16 teleost species. Collectively, cldns (or Cldns) are found in a broad array of teleost fish tissues, but select genes exhibit restricted expression patterns. Evidence to date strongly supports the view that Cldns play a vital role in the embryonic development of teleost fishes and in the physiology of tissues and organ systems studied thus far.

Effects of dietary protein levels on the disease resistance, immune function and physical barrier function in the gill of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) after challenged with Flavobacterium columnare

“…Second, this discrepancy might be partly explained by the function of claudin 15. According to a literature report, claudin 15 creates Na þ -selective paracellular channels, which are associated with Na þ -K þ -ATPase in fish gills [100]. Meanwhile, a dietary protein supplement increases plasma growth hormone concentration in sea bream (Sparus aurata) [101], and McCormick [102] found that growth hormone enhanced the Na þ -K þ -ATPase activity in the gill of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).…”

Dietary low or excess levels of lipids reduced growth performance, and impaired immune function and structure of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under the infection of Aeromonas hydrophila

“…Fish immunity has also been correlated with the normal structure of the immune organs, which is related to cellular integrity [22,23]. Previous studies in our lab indicate that immune responses could induce ROS production thus cause oxidative damage of fish immune organs after Aeromonas hydrophila infection [24].…”

Temporal and spatial expression of tight junction genes during zebrafish pronephros development

“…Cldns, on the other hand, are essential for tight junction formation, and are primarily responsible for regulating the paracelluallar permeability properties of epithelia. Generally, vertebrates possess over 20 Cldn gene family members (Hewitt, et al, 2006; Günzel and Fromm, 2012), and these have been greatly increased in the genomes of teleost fishes, where some species possess over 50 Cldn genes (Kolosov, et al, 2013). The barrier function that these two protein families contribute to the kidney is essential for its function, and several renal diseases have been associated with mutations in their members (Balkovetz, 2009).…”