Clay nanostructures for biomedical applications

Saikia, Pallabi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817650-4.00005-x

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The glass transition has temperature range has also shifted towards lower temperatures, a phenomenon which may be attributed to the lower concentration of crosslinking sites that results from nanoclay additions usually higher than about 2%. 39 The heating continues until a smaller drop starting at 102°C, reaches the midpoint at 103°C and then rises at 102°C. This could be the glass transition of PMMA that shifted towards lower temperatures due to the high concentration of nanoclay, as with epoxy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of nanoclay as a compatibilizer and a reinforcement for polymer blends used as insulators

Salih

Mohammed

2022

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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Polymer composite materials were prepared using kaolinite nanoclay as reinforcement in different weight fractions (3, 5 and 7) %, and blends of epoxy and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as matrices. The current work aims to prepare a composite material with good thermal and acoustic insulation, besides improved mechanical properties, and the investigation of the effect of this nano additive on the compatibility between the two constituents of the blend, and how this compatibility might be beneficial to the performance of the prepared composite. The blend with an optimum mixing ratio (OMR) was chosen via impact test results; thus, the (80:20) percentage of epoxy and PMMA was chosen. The reinforced specimens showed an improvement in mechanical (impact and flexural) properties besides sound insulation and thermal conductivity, with the specimen reinforced with 7% nanoclay having the highest impact strength (97*10−3) KJ/m2 and the highest thermal conductivity value of (0.34) W/m.°C, with a sound intensity value 95.6 decibels at frequency 10,000 Hz. The scanning electron microscope images showed two separate phases in the unreinforced blend. In comparison, the 7% reinforced specimen showed a rough interface between the two polymer phases, suggesting a positive effect of nanoclay addition on compatibility. The differential scanning calorimeter showed two distinct glass transition temperatures for both reinforced and neat specimens, which belong to the glass transitions of both constituents (epoxy and PMMA). The main difference is the lower temperature gradient accompanied with the (nanoclay/blend) composite than the neat one. Although the blend remained immiscible, nanoclay had contributed to the compatibility and improved mechanical properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be the glass transition of PMMA that shifted towards lower temperatures due to the high concentration of nanoclay, as with epoxy. 39…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nanoclay as a compatibilizer and a reinforcement for polymer blends used as insulators

Salih

Mohammed

2022

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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“…Tetrahedral sheets (T) contain silicon surrounded by four oxygen atoms, while the octahedral sheets (O) are composed of a metal like magnesium and aluminum, surrounded by eight oxygen atoms. These layer-by-layer structures are classified into different types (mainly 1:1 or 2:1) depending on the ratio and layering of silica (T) to alumina (O) sheets (Figure 4a) [23]. Anionic layered double hydroxides (LDH) possess stacked layers with a brucite-like structure similar to hydrotalcite, that holds exchangeable anions in their interlaminar space (as well as water molecules) [24].…”

Section: Clay Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: A Review

et al. 2022

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In recent decades, new and improved materials have been developed with a significant interest in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds that can cope with the diverse needs of the expanding biomedical field and promote the required biological response in multiple applications. Due to their biocompatibility, ability to encapsulate and deliver drugs, and capacity to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), typical hydrogels have been extensively investigated in the biomedical and biotechnological fields. The major limitations of hydrogels include poor mechanical integrity and limited cell interaction, restricting their broad applicability. To overcome these limitations, an emerging approach, aimed at the generation of hybrid materials with synergistic effects, is focused on incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) within polymeric gels to achieve nanocomposites with tailored functionality and improved properties. This review focuses on the unique contributions of clay nanoparticles, regarding the recent developments of clay-based nanocomposite hydrogels, with an emphasis on biomedical applications.

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“…Nanocomposites based on polymer matrices with superior properties, such as thermal, electrical, and mechanical, have been studied extensively during the last decades [ 3 ]. In today’s green material research, nanocomposites based on nanoclays have a lot of potential as a small amount of nanoclay in the polymer matrix can enhance the mechanical and material behavior without losing processability [ 4 ]. Nanoclays can improve the mechanical properties, crystallization, and thermal stability of polyesters, including poly(lactic acid) (PLA) [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these characteristics can be overcome using nanofillers [ 3 ]. Nanofillers can restrict the chain movements of PLA, which improves PLA’s response to temperature change; thus, better shape recovery and higher elastic modulus values [ 4 , 17 , 18 ], and the dispersion of nanofillers is the most effective way to reinforce PLA [ 17 ]. The enhanced properties are imparted usually using only a small amount of nano-additives such as clays, which are typically ≤5 wt.% [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Characterization and Finite Element Analysis-Assisted Mechanical Behavior of Polylactic Acid-Montmorillonite 3D Printed Nanocomposites

et al. 2022

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This work aims to improve the properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) for future biomedical applications by investigating the effect of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay on physicochemical and mechanical behavior. PLA nanocomposite filaments were fabricated using different amounts of MMT (1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt.%) and 2 wt.% Joncryl chain extenders. The 3D-printed specimens were manufactured using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The composites were characterized by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Melt Flow Index (MFI), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal properties were studied by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Moreover, the hydrophilicity of the PLA/MMT nanocomposites was investigated by measuring the water contact angle. The mechanical behavior of the PLA/MMT nanocomposites was examined with nanoindentation, compression tests, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). The presence of Joncryl, as well as the pretreatment of MMT before filament fabrication, improved the MMT distribution in the nanocomposites. Furthermore, MMT enhanced the printability of PLA and improved the hydrophilicity of its surface. In addition, the results of nanoindentation testing coupled with Finite Element Analysis showed that as the MMT weight fraction increased, as well as an increased Young’s modulus. According to the results of the mechanical analysis, the best mechanical behavior was achieved for PLA nanocomposite with 4 wt.% MMT.

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Clay nanostructures for biomedical applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 110 publications

Influence of nanoclay as a compatibilizer and a reinforcement for polymer blends used as insulators

Influence of nanoclay as a compatibilizer and a reinforcement for polymer blends used as insulators

Clay-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Physicochemical Characterization and Finite Element Analysis-Assisted Mechanical Behavior of Polylactic Acid-Montmorillonite 3D Printed Nanocomposites

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