Clean and Efficient Catalytic Reduction of Perchlorate

Abstract

Recently recognized as a water contaminant in the United States, perchlorate (ClO4−) has been added to the Environmental Protection Agency's “Contaminant Candidate List” (CCL) and “Unregulated Contaminants Monitoring Rule” (UCMR). Removal of perchlorate from water is difficult because of its high solubility and kinetic inertness. Oxorhenium(V) oxazoline complexes catalyze the reduction of perchlorate to chloride with organic sulfides [Eq. (1)] at exceptionally fast rates with no sign of deactivation. Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl, TON=turn‐over number.

Rational design of nanomaterials for water treatment

“…For example, the reductive dechlorination of legacy chlorinated groundwater pollutants, especially TCE, by NZVI is an important process for eliminating the environmental impact of these human carcinogens from water resources. 239,259 Although their method has being continuously improved, 260 262 However, in this system, rhenium species were immobilized in the activated carbon support only by electrostatic interactions, which led to rhenium leaching problem. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][255][256][257] Given the high water solubility and low adsorptive capacity of such water pollutants as oxyanions (e.g., NO 3 -, ClO 4 -, BO 3 -), nitrosamines, and PPCPs, etc., conventional water treatment approaches suffer from their own limitations.…”

Oxygen Atom Transfer

“…73 The reaction is not pH dependent and proceeds smoothly at neutral pH. The perchlorate ion, ClO 4 À , was reduced all the way to the chloride ion, Cl À .…”

Tetraarylphosphonium Salts as Solubility‐Control Groups: Phosphonium‐Supported Triphenylphosphine and Azodicarboxylate Reagents

“…Although the perchlorate ion is known to be both a powerful oxidant (perchloric acid22) and a solid‐rocket propellant (ammonium perchlorate23), its nonlability in the present compounds makes it slow to react 24. However, as little chemistry is known regarding tetraarylphosphonium perchlorate, a thermogravimetric experiment was performed to ensure its dynamic thermal stability.…”