Clearance of HIV Infection in a Perinatally Infected Infant

Bryson, Yvonne J.; Pang, Shen; Wei, Lian S.; Dickover, Ruth; Diagne, Amadou; Chen, Irvin S. Y.

doi:10.1056/nejm199503303321301

Cited by 174 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Third, a seronegative HCV infection may reflect a very transient low-grade viremia by milder and fewer quasi species than their respective mothers (30) without the ensuing antibody response to HCV (31). A similar experience comes from vertically HIV infected children in whom short periods of HIV viremia have been described in absence of HIV antibodies, suggesting that viral clearance in perinatally infected infants may be possible without de novo humoral antibodies response (32,33). We consider the hy- pothesis of false-positive results on testing the infants at any scheduled visit unlikely, because PCR testing was run on separate occasions, it was always duplicated, and in case of discordance it was confirmed by the Amplicore HCV assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus in a Cohort of 2,447 HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women: A 24-Month Prospective Study

Ceci

Margiotta²,

Marello³

et al. 2001

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus in a Cohort of 2,447 HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women: A 24-Month Prospective Study

Ceci

Margiotta²,

Marello³

et al. 2001

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Detection of antiviral immune responses or transient low levels of virus without persistent seroconversion also has been described in HIV-exposed adults and perinatally exposed infants [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Further studies of this phenomenon of transient/abortive infection are useful, as the ability to clear viremia provides hope for developing an HIV vaccine to prevent or abort HIV infection [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Two Low Doses of Tenofovir Protect Newborn Macaques against Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Simple affordable interventions are needed to reduce vertical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in developing countries. The efficacy of 2 low doses (4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or 1 high dose (30 mg/kg, subcutaneously) of the reverse-transcriptase inhibitor 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA; tenofovir) to protect newborn macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection was investigated. Thirteen newborn macaques were inoculated orally with virulent SIVmac251. The 4 placebo-treated animals (group A) became persistently infected. Groups B and C (n=4 in each group) received 2 4-mg/kg doses of PMPA, either 4 h before and 20 h after (group B) or 1 and 25 h after SIV inoculation (group C). One animal (group D) received a single 30-mg/kg dose of PMPA 1 h after SIV inoculation. Despite evidence of an initial transient infection, 3 group B animals, 2 group C animals, and the group D animal were SIV negative and seronegative at ages 19-23 months. Immune activation with recall antigens or pharmacologic immunosuppression with corticosteroids failed to reactivate viral replication. These data suggest that 1 or 2 doses of PMPA may protect human newborns against intrapartum HIV infection.

show abstract

“…Recently there have been a number of reports suggesting that exposed infants may have transient HIV-1 infection, with positive virologic tests that later revert to negative [38]. Therefore, we considered whether some of the false-positive results could actually represent transient infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Ariel Project: A Prospective Cohort Study of Maternal‐Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in the Era of Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy

Dyke¹,

Korber²,

Popek³

et al. 1999

J INFECT DIS

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a prospective cohort study, clinical and biologic factors that contribute to maternal-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were studied. HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants were evaluated prospectively according to a standardized protocol. Of 204 evaluable women, 81% received zidovudine during their pregnancy. The infection rate among the 209 evaluable infants was 9.1%. By univariate analysis, histologic chorioamnionitis, prolonged rupture of membranes, and a history of genital warts were significantly associated with transmission. Additional factors associated with transmission that approached significance included a higher maternal virus load at delivery and the presence of cocaine in the urine. In a logistic regression model, histologic chorioamnionitis was the only independent predictor of transmission. Despite a significantly higher transmission rate at one site, no unique viral genotype was found at any site. Thus, chorioamnionitis was found to be the major risk factor for transmission among women receiving zidovudine.

show abstract

Clearance of HIV Infection in a Perinatally Infected Infant

Abstract: The infant we describe was infected perinatally with HIV-1, but the infection subsequently cleared and the infant remained without detectable HIV-1 infection five years later.

Cited by 174 publications

References 27 publications

Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus in a Cohort of 2,447 HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women: A 24-Month Prospective Study

Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus in a Cohort of 2,447 HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women: A 24-Month Prospective Study

Two Low Doses of Tenofovir Protect Newborn Macaques against Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

The Ariel Project: A Prospective Cohort Study of Maternal‐Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in the Era of Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About