IntroductionOver the last two decades or so, the ideological context of planning has undergone a significant shift to one that more openly embraces the influence of the market. This is the result of the confluence of several factors, notably, public dissatisfaction with the outcomes of increased government activity, the weakening of social norms supporting planning, and intensified place competition for investment resulting from globalisation and concomitant new technology. Such factors have led governments to adopt a neoliberal ideology in which the market determines development outcomes, and government spending and regulation are reduced. Yet the effects of this new context on city structure are potentially complex. This is particularly because of indeterminacy about how the market-regulating character of planning is reconciled with the market dominance aims of neoliberalism, and about how these aims are reconciled with new styles of planning involving increased community participation. In addition, city outcomes remain subject to local contexts, including local power relations between state, capital, labour and the community, and the ensuing authority of planning.Such considerations raise specific issues for theory which this paper seeks to explore. How do urban planning and policy resolve the various potential contradictions of neoliberalism? What local and external conditions (local actors, institutions, external market attraction etc.) are significant in determining the way neoliberalism brings about development? Is the role of planning in this process