Clever and cool : generating design guidelines for climate-responsive urban green infrastructure

Klemm, W.

doi:10.18174/453958

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(482 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the introduction of vegetation, while their cooling effects are widely described in the literature (e.g., Dihkan et al, 2021; Klemm, 2018; Schlaepfer et al, 2020), employing vegetation in informal areas in hot arid climates comes with challenges. First, planting trees and shrubs might be largely conditioned or even impaired in narrow street profiles due to lack of space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1): adapting urban materials (increasing albedo values and/or changing specific heat properties of surfacing materials), implementing shade (blocking direct solar radiation by implementing artificial shading structures), and introducing vegetation (provision of cooling through shading and evapotranspiration). These are cooling strategies widely validated by previous studies (e.g., Klemm, 2018;Lenzholzer, 2015;Tsoka, 2017;Cortesão et al, 2020). The interventions were assessed regarding their capacity to reduce short-and longwave radiation and air temperature, regulate ventilation, and increase evaporative cooling.…”

Section: Data Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate adaptation in informal areas in hot arid climates

Lotfata

Cortesão

Zinsmeister

et al. 2023

Sustainable Development

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This conceptual and exploratory research study investigates, systematically and holistically, climate‐adaptive spatial design interventions for high‐density informal urban areas in hot arid climates, which remain understudied despite their vulnerability to heat stress and the heat‐vulnerable groups populating them. Five streetscape design prototypes are proposed that include climate‐adaptive spatial interventions appraised qualitatively with consideration to relevant feasibility matters: land use planning, equity, affordability, mobility, and sense of place. The study shows that there is potential for climate‐adaptive interventions in informal urban areas in hot arid climates, but that these interventions also present challenges. Common climate‐adaptive design strategies can be used to address heat stress in these areas but, for example, increasing vegetation might be challenging due to water stress. As a conceptual study, the findings presented and the discussion raised on feasibility are targeted at opening avenues for future research, and at informing decision‐makers and spatial designers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate adaptation in informal areas in hot arid climates

Lotfata

Cortesão

Zinsmeister

et al. 2023

Sustainable Development

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“…The buffer zones in between are valuable. In her study, Klemm [71] reported that 20% of people preferred to stay at the edge between sunlit and shaded conditions. According to the previous consideration, no indication of the species used are provided; instead, some guidelines for the selection of typologies of vegetation are given.…”

Section: The New Master Planmentioning

confidence: 97%

Verona Adapt. Modelling as a Planning Instrument: Applying a Climate-Responsive Approach in Verona, Italy

et al. 2021

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In response to the global challenges brought on by climate change, cities around the world are adapting, innovating through nature-based strategies for sustainable development. Climate adaptation requires new interdisciplinary approaches in which different disciplines as well as research and practice proactively co-create and collaborate on adaptation to reduce the ongoing effects of anthropogenic climate change. Although awareness on climate adaptation is on the rise, new approaches for urban development are still in development. Moreover, existing approaches mainly focus on local-scale levels or lack a crossover with urban and landscape planning. The present contribution offers an example of an integrated approach bridging urban climatology, landscape planning, and governance to assess and develop climate adaptation solutions linking city and district levels. The city of Verona was taken as a case study to test this approach and its implications for the development of a green and blue infrastructure with a climate-responsive master plan for the district of Verona South. Through critical reflection on the application of the approach to the case study, we aimed to identify its potentials and barriers. Based on this reflection, we provide herein recommendations on how climate modelling can be integrated into planning, as well as on how urban planners and urban climatologists can support each other in making credible and salient climate adaptation solutions.

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“…Most studies have focused on the green designs of public squares and their microclimatic influences during a hot summer's day to compare the thermal comfort values [10,15,16], others have explored the climate change adaptation potential in landscape architectural designs [17], whilst others have analyzed the diverse thermal performances of several urban squares with varying morphological and green characteristics [18,19]. Only a few studies, however, have balanced both summer and winter conditions [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Design of Public Squares and Vegetation Composition on Human Thermal Comfort in Different Seasons a Quantitative Assessment

Silva

Duarte

Pauleit

2023

Land

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Increasingly, public open spaces are gaining importance for human well-being in dense, urban areas. In inner city locations, squares can provide easy access to greenery and thus encourage social encounters. Microclimatic conditions influence the squares’ attractiveness. However, knowledge is still limited on the impact of different layouts of squares, particularly the impact of the vegetation composition on the human thermal comfort across the seasons in temperate climates. Therefore, our research aims to discern how human thermal comfort is affected by the different elements existing in different open areas of Munich, Germany. For this purpose, five different squares were analyzed on five typical days to create an overview of how human thermal comfort is affected by the layout and vegetation composition during the year. The study areas were selected in view of their size, pavement type, and the number of trees. Micrometeorological simulations were performed using the ENVI-met V 4.6 model to identify how different aspects affect the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) on typical Munich days. The urban morphology was observed to be the greatest factor affecting PET in all the cases studied. Of microclimate variables, the surface temperature was relevant only on warm days. Long-wave radiation, on the other hand, positively affected the PET on cold days. The results suggested that urban morphology has a high impact on the human thermal comfort in urban squares. The results obtained showed that it is necessary to consider diverse vegetation arrangements combined with urban morphology characteristics to optimize human thermal comfort under a range of climatic conditions.

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Clever and cool : generating design guidelines for climate-responsive urban green infrastructure

Abstract: Clever and cool Generating design guidelines for climate responsive urban green infrastructure Wiebke Klemm Wiebke Klemm Clever and cool Generating design guidelines for climate-responsive urban green infrastructure, 292 pages.

Cited by 5 publications

References 122 publications

Climate adaptation in informal areas in hot arid climates

Climate adaptation in informal areas in hot arid climates

Verona Adapt. Modelling as a Planning Instrument: Applying a Climate-Responsive Approach in Verona, Italy

The Role of the Design of Public Squares and Vegetation Composition on Human Thermal Comfort in Different Seasons a Quantitative Assessment

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