Clickable artificial heme‐peroxidases for the development of functional nanomaterials

Abstract

Artificial metalloenzymes as catalysts are promising candidates for their use in different technologies, such as bioremediation, biomass transformation, or biosensing. Despite this, their practical exploitation is still at an early stage. Immobilized natural enzymes have been proposed to enhance their applicability. Immobilization may offer several advantages: (i) catalyst reuse; (ii) easy separation of the enzyme from the reaction medium; (iii) better tolerance to harsh temperature and pH conditions. Here, we report an easy immobilization procedure of an artificial peroxidase on different surfaces, by means of click chemistry. FeMC6*a, a recently developed peroxidase mimic, has been functionalized with a pegylated aza‐dibenzocyclooctyne to afford a “clickable” biocatalyst, namely FeMC6*a‐PEG4@DBCO, which easily reacts with azide‐functionalized molecules and/or nanomaterials to afford functional bioconjugates. The clicked biocatalyst retains its structural and, to some extent, its functional behaviors, thus housing high potential for biotechnological applications.

Oxidative dehalogenation of trichlorophenol catalyzed by a promiscuous artificial heme-enzyme

“…These interesting results prompted us to exploit MC6*a artificial enzyme toward further applications. FeMC6*a can be conveniently applied in the construction of functional nanomaterials 28 and biosensor technologies, acting as luminescence-based sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection. 29 …”

“…26,27 These interesting results prompted us to exploit MC6*a articial enzyme toward further applications. FeMC6*a can be conveniently applied in the construction of functional nanomaterials 28 and biosensor technologies, acting as luminescencebased sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection. 29 To evaluate the potential of FeMC6*a for pollutant degradation, we assayed its reactivity in the oxidative dehalogenation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP).…”

An Artificial Miniaturized Peroxidase for Signal Amplification in Lateral Flow Immunoassays

“…[60] TEM images of AuNPs@dAb@FeMC6*a, AuNPs@dAb@ HRP and AuNPs@dAb, analyzed after negative staining with the UranyLess reagent, exhibited a white halo surrounding the gold core, evidence of the presence of a protein shell (Figure 4). [51,52] After biomolecule conjugation, the size of the AuNP gold core was retained, thus evidencing the colloidal stability of the functionalized AuNPs. Some clustering, visible in the TEM images, was attributed to the deposition and drying process when preparing the samples on the carbon-coated copper grids for TEM analysis.…”

Use of an Artificial Miniaturized Enzyme in Hydrogen Peroxide Detection by Chemiluminescence

“…The interesting results obtained on the MC6*a artificial enzyme prompted us to exploit its practical application. To this end, we have recently reported the feasibility of FeMC6*a as a clickable artificial peroxidase, which easily reacts with azide-functionalized molecules and/or nanomaterials to afford functional bioconjugates [ 69 ]. Further, the ability of FeMC6*a to overcome HRP catalytic behavior suggested its application as a substitute of natural enzymes in biosensor technology.…”