Client self rated adult attachment patterns and the therapeutic alliance: A systematic review

Smith, Amie E.M.; Msetfi, Rachel M.; Golding, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.12.007

Cited by 118 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is not surprising given that clients' attachment styles may have a strong influence on how and when a connection can form (Smith, Msetfi & Golding, 2010). However, Sexton, Littauer, Sexton, and Tømmerås (2005) found that clients in their study considered that good alliances were usually established early in the first session.…”

Section: Counselling and Therapeutic Alliancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapists’ experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling

Pearson

Bulsara

2016

European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling

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While therapeutic alliance formation has been widely researched over many sessions of psychotherapy, the question of alliance formation in short-term counselling has been less explored. Given the increasing evidence in the literature for the positive impact of alliances on therapy outcomes, providing counsellors -who may work with clients for a limited number of sessionswith enhanced insight into alliance formation will be of value. This qualitative study investigated the experiences of eight counsellors forming alliances with clients over short periods. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Five major themes emerged, that while congruent with the alliance literature, add some details relevant to day-to-day practice. These themes included: the importance of strong alliances; the need for psychologically comfortable environments; the timing of alliance formation; and the impact of counsellor personal qualities -such as being realin strengthening and maintaining alliances. In addition, an unexpected sixth theme revealed that body language was highly valued as an indicator of strong or weak alliances. Implications for increasing the use of body language to enhance counselling practice and education are discussed. Body language, Counselling, Phenomenology, Therapeutic alliance, Rapport. 3 Therapists' experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling. KEY WORDS:The therapeutic alliance concept evolved throughout the development of Western psychotherapy, first appearing in 1912 in Freud's early work (Elvins & Green, 2008).Alliances have been defined as "the collaborative and affective bond between therapist and patient" (Daniel, Garske, & Davis, 2000) and "the degree to which the patient experiences the relationship with the therapist as helpful or potentially helpful in achieving the patient's goals in psychotherapy" (Luborsky & Luborsky, 2006, p. 63). Over many decades the influences on, and the value of, strong working alliances in the context of long-term psychotherapy have For example, counsellors working in social support agencies often find clients attending once, twice or even three times, whereas psychotherapists may be accustomed to clients attending for one or more years. Research on therapeutic alliances has emerged predominantly from long-term data in the field of psychotherapy (e.g. Barnicot et al., 2012;Hersoug, Høglend, Havik, von der Lippe, & Monsen, 2009;Langhoff, Baer, Zubraegel, & Linden, 2008;Munder, 2010). Through analysing the experiences of eight counsellors and their observations of clients' alliance signals, this study identified specific issues that can emerge in short-term counselling. Counselling and therapeutic alliancesIt is generally considered conclusive that counselling is effective (e.g. Lambert, 2004;Rosenthal, 1990). An influential factor contributing to this effectiveness is the strength or depth of the counsellor-client relationship. Reviewers of the research are "virtually unanimous in their opinion that the...

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Section: Counselling and Therapeutic Alliancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapists’ experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling

Pearson

Bulsara

2016

European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling

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“…Se utilizó un instrumento dimensional y no categorial debido a la incapacidad de éstos últimos para valorar las variaciones de los distintos individuos incluidos en una misma categoría a pesar de ser diferencias observables en la práctica clínica (Smith et al, 2010).…”

Section: Materialesunclassified

“…Estas personas necesitan sentir que la relación con su terapeuta es suficientemente segura como para arriesgarse a una considerable auto-revelación (Wallin, 2007). Al igual que los padres, el terapeuta es visto como una fuente que provee una base segura al paciente en tiempos de necesidad, lo que luego le permitirá explorar de un modo seguro y desarrollar un mayor entendimiento de sí mismos y del mundo (Smith et al, 2010).…”

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“…Los pacientes proyectan sus modelos de trabajo internos en el terapeuta y el vínculo que con éste establecen, de modo que los patrones de apego afectan el modo en que interactúan las partes, así como la formación y mantenimiento de la alianza (Smith et al, 2010). Los clientes con patrones de apego evitativo evaden sus sentimientos y minimizan la importancia de las relaciones, son sujetos que de manera ambivalente temen y al mismo tiempo desean vincularse emocionalmente.…”

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“…En cambio, las personas con apego seguro son más capaces de involucrarse en la auto-exploración, abrirse a la auto-revelación, desarrollar un entendimiento colaborativo con el terapeuta y evaluar sus relaciones pasadas y presentes. Estas habilidades ayudarán a estos individuos a formar buenas alianzas y mantenerlas mediante la reparación de rupturas que pudieran surgir (Smith et al, 2010).…”

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Therapeutic Alliance: Evolution and Relationship With Attachment in Psychotherapy

Rossetti¹,

Botella²

2017

RACP

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ResumenRecibido: En estos últimos 20 años la psicoterapia se ha esforzado en fundamentar su práctica clínica a partir de resultados y evidencias sólidas derivadas del rigor científico (Norcross, Beutler y Levant, 2006). Basados en extensas revisiones y meta-análisis sobre los efectos de la psicoterapia, las task forces de la American Psychological Association (APA) concluyeron que la relación terapéutica contribuye de forma sustancial y consistente a los resultados psicoterapéuticos independientemente del tipo de tratamiento. Este vínculo explica el por qué mejoran o no los pacientes al menos tanto como el método particular de tratamiento. La alianza en psicoterapia individual entre otras, ha demostrado ser un elemento efectivo de la relación terapéutica sustentado empíricamen-te (Norcross y Wampold, 2011). Sin embargo, otros autores, aunque reconocen que existe una asociación entre estas variables, plantean que aún existe escasa evidencia que muestre que la alianza terapéutica influye sobre la mejoría sintomática (Muran y Barber, 2010). A pesar de esta controversia, ambas posturas coinciden en la existencia de una correlación entre alianzas fuertes y resultados positivos en psicoterapia.

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Attachment Theory, the Therapeutic Alliance, and Treatment Engagement

Berry¹,

Danquah²

2020

The Wiley Handbook of Healthcare Treatment Engagement

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Client self rated adult attachment patterns and the therapeutic alliance: A systematic review

Cited by 118 publications

References 47 publications

Therapists’ experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling

Therapists’ experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling

Therapeutic Alliance: Evolution and Relationship With Attachment in Psychotherapy

Attachment Theory, the Therapeutic Alliance, and Treatment Engagement

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