Clients' community and social contacts: results of a 5‐year longitudinal study

Lowe, Kathy; Paiva, Siobhan de

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb00404.x

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increases in the range and frequency of community activities were experienced for people in all residential settings other than hospital, although this finding should be treated witb caution because of the lower reliability of information in this area. Those who moved from traditional residential settings to the community experienced the most dramatic change and this serves to highlight the fact that place of residence can have a major impact on community life, a result consistent with other resettlement research (see Firth & Short 1987;de Kock et al 1988;Lowe & de Paiva 1991b). However, although there were signs that people with mental handicaps were becoming increasingly involved in ordinary rather than specialist community activities, it was equally clear that the divide between community presence and social participation remains as great as ever.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Assessing the impact of the All‐Wales Mental HandicaStrategy: a survey of four districts

Evans

Todd

Beyer

et al. 1994

J intellect Disabil Res

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The AU-Wales Mental Handicap Strategy (AWS) pledged government leadership and additional resources for the task of developing community based residential, domiciliary, respite, daycare and professional services for people with mental handicaps and their families throughout Wales. Ultimately, the authors of the AWS sought to affect for the better the extent to which people with mental handicaps experience typical community life. A large random sample of people with mental handicaps in four diverse districts was used to track changes in services received, professional input, involvement in individual plarming, the number of community activities pursued, and the size and range of individuals' social networks across the middle 4 years of the AWS. The balance between private housing and service residence remained unchanged although, with the ageing of the cohort, there was a decrease in the proportion living with parents and an increase in those living independently or in another family situation. There was an increase in the availability of residential services in the form of ordinary housing and an associated contraction in large congregate care facilities. However, not all moves were towards more ordinary living. Some people moved from large statutory sector specialist facilities to other atypical forms of residence, as did some people from family homes. Family support services in the form of family aides and short-term care increased significantly, but indicators still suggest that an expansion of these services is merited. Day services diversified slightly, but without affecting the major role of the traditional centre. There was a decrease in the numbers receiving a fulltime service. Only a third of the sample received regular individual plan reviews of the services they received and the developmental goals set in their name. In general, individuals were involved in a greater number of community activities that brought them into contact with other citizens. However, such an increase has not led to significant changes in the size or composition of people's friendship networks. Overall, the changes in service provision and family and user experience have been in line with the direction set by the AWS. However, the degree of change still required before the new pattern of services envisaged by the AWS is substantially in existence, or the experience of people with mental handicaps conforms with the guiding principles which underpin it, is considerably greater than that achieved after 7 of its initial 10 years. /

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Assessing the impact of the All‐Wales Mental HandicaStrategy: a survey of four districts

Evans

Todd

Beyer

et al. 1994

J intellect Disabil Res

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“…). Lowe & De Paiva () focussed on individuals administratively categorised as ‘mentally handicapped’ or in receipt of ‘mental handicap services’ within a catchment area of a new local, community‐based service. Two other studies in the review focused on parents with learning disabilities (McConnell et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Use of Community Facilities Scale (UCFS) was used as a measure of social participation by Chou et al . () and Lowe & De Paiva () also gathered data on the use of community facilities. Additionally, social participation was measured using category of contacts (Broer et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and social care interventions which promote social participation for adults with learning disabilities: a review

Howarth

Morris

Newlin

et al. 2014

Brit J Learn Disabil

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Accessible summary• People with learning disabilities have fewer friends than others; • Social care interventions are needed to help people to be more socially active in their community;• This review looks at what research has already been done in this area; • This is important to people with learning disabilities as it highlights the importance of having friends in, and outside of, services. SummaryPeople with learning disabilities are among the most socially excluded in society.There is a significant gap in research evidence showing how health and social care workers can intervene to improve the social participation of adults with learning disabilities. A systematic review and modified narrative synthesis was used to appraise the quality and outcomes of published studies in this area. Six of eleven included studies showed a positive effect on social participation. Interventions included person-centred planning, alteration of activity patterns, a befriending scheme and skill-based group sessions. The majority of studies were found to have a moderate risk of bias. Further evidence about the effectiveness of interventions is required to inform policy and practice.

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“…NIMROD'S eligibility criteria included every person with mental handicap from a defined geographical area, regardless of age or degree of disability. Results of other variables studied as part of this longitudinal evaluation have indicated beneficial gains in terms of skill development (Lowe & de Paiva, in prep) and community contact (Lowe & de Paiva, 1991) across the age and ability spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Service Contact: Changes Over Five Years in a Total Population Sample

Paiva¹,

Lowe²

1992

Mental Handicap Research

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The impact of a new community based service (NIMROD) on generic service contact was assessed for people living in different residential settings: supported accommodation in ordinary housing; mental handicap hospitals, and private family homes. 1 Results over five years indicated considerable variability in patterns of generic service usage and provided evidence of a limited impact of NIMROD on the frequency and type of services used. While receipt of NIMROD may have effected an increase in service usage for some people living in family homes, findings also indicated an opposite effect for those who moved into supported accommodation. Doctors and dentists were used by a consistently high proportion of people over time. The most marked change in service usage during the study was an increase in the use of chiropody services by hospital residents. The central role played by General Practitioners in community based care is discussed and the importance of examining client need in conjunction with extent of service usage is highlighted.

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Clients' community and social contacts: results of a 5‐year longitudinal study

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing the impact of the All‐Wales Mental HandicaStrategy: a survey of four districts

Assessing the impact of the All‐Wales Mental HandicaStrategy: a survey of four districts

Health and social care interventions which promote social participation for adults with learning disabilities: a review

Service Contact: Changes Over Five Years in a Total Population Sample

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