Climate and climate change

Roux, Peter Le

doi:10.18820/9781928357063/03

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Water temperature and DO have previously not been measured in stream water on the island. Average stream water temperature (5.9°C) was only slightly below mean air surface temperature measured at the research station (8.2°C), and reflected the island's temperature regime which is moderated by the surrounding Southern Ocean (Le Roux, 2008). Mean DO in the SPR (12.1 mg/L) is similar to that observed by Contador et al (2015) in the Ro´balo River on sub-Antarctic Navarino Island (8.9-12.6 mg/L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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High-frequency monitoring of stream water physicochemistry on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

Stowe

Hedding

Eckardt

et al. 2018

WSA

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Given the remoteness and challenging environmental conditions on sub-Antarctic Marion Island, continuous high-resolution studies of the island's natural water systems are rare. Subsequently, current understanding of the island's hydrochemistry is based entirely on manual point-based measurements. To address this research gap we analysed continuous, in-situ highfrequency physicochemical measurements (pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and electrical conductivity (EC)) from the Soft Plume River over the period 21 April 2015-26 April 2015. We observed a sharp, short-term response from all measurements to a precipitation event that was superimposed on consistent but subtle diel (i.e. 24 h) cycles throughout the study. Total variation in pH and electrical conductivity amounted to 1.3 units and 27.7 µS/cm respectively. Stream water temperature was less variable (6.2°C) than air surface temperature (14.2°C). Total variation in DO was 2.0 mg/L. Aside from the precipitation-induced response, diel oscillations were small and only visible through the use of continuous, highresolution monitoring. Findings highlight the advantages of continuous high-frequency monitoring in capturing the range of daily variation and elucidating diel cycles in stream water physicochemistry on sub-Antarctic Marion Island that have not previously been accounted for.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Mean daily temperature ranges are on average less than 2°C and 3°C in winter and summer, respectively (Boelhouwers et al, 2003). Combined with these conditions are high relative humidity, cloud-cover and strong westerly to north-westerly winds (Le Roux, 2008).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency monitoring of stream water physicochemistry on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

Stowe

Hedding

Eckardt

et al. 2018

WSA

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“…On Marion Island misty and overcast conditions are associated with maritime temperate air mass and westerly circulation, while clear, dry, sunny conditions are linked to southerly circulation and Antarctic air (Smith and Steenkamp 1990;le Roux 2008). Our record demonstrates how the daily soil surface temperatures are the result of a complex interplay between radiation balance, air mass circulation and the influence of cloud cover and snow on the radiative heat exchange.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The effect of synoptic scale weather systems on sub‐surface soil temperatures in a diurnal frost environment: preliminary observations from sub‐antarctic marion island

Nel

Boelhouwers

Zilindile

2009

Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography

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. Marion Island in the South Indian Ocean has a maritime climate dominated by diurnal frost processes in the landscape. We test the hypothesis that synoptic time‐scale measurements are essential in understanding the drivers of diurnal frost processes. Preliminary results from automated microclimate measurements in a polar desert habitat show that diurnal soil surface temperatures on Marion Island are influenced by a complex interaction of radiation balance, air mass circulation, cloud cover and snow. The passage of synoptic scale weather systems influences soil thermal characteristics through changes in dominance of the radiation budget. Soil frost on Marion appears to be dependent on clear skies, while synoptic weather systems affect the duration and intensity of soil frost processes and non‐radiative heat fluxes. Air circulation patterns at Marion Island influence diurnal scale temperature fluctuations and its direct and indirect interactions with ecosystem processes. The data suggest that in a maritime sub‐Antarctic environment the climatic drivers of soil frost occur at a finertemporal resolution than for seasonal and permafrost environments and needs to be measured at a diurnal time‐scale to be meaningful.

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“…However, the passage of synoptic scale weather systems influenced subsurface ground temperatures and soil heat fluxes, especially in the upper 30 cm. On Marion Island misty and overcast conditions are associated with cyclonic circulation and subtropical air mass (Smith and Steenkamp, 1990;le Roux, 2008), while clear, dry, sunny conditions are associated with southerly Antarctic air mass circulation (Smith and Steenkamp, 1990). High percentages of cloud cover associated with westerly airflow depresses shallow soil temperatures and sunny conditions associated with anticyclonic circulation increases the soil temperatures throughout the whole soil profile with little or no difference in temperature to depth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synoptic climate of Marion Island is characterized by sequences of mid-latitude depressions, the passages of frontal systems and the influences of anticyclones (Vowinckel, 1954;le Roux, 2008). On Marion Island an approaching cold front is associated with strengthening north-westerly winds, an influx of warm subtropical air from the warm sector of the cyclone and an increase in cloudliness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking climate change impacts on subsurface temperatures in a sub‐Antarctic mire affected by synoptic scale processes

Nel

Merwe

Meiklejohn

2009

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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This paper presents the first high resolution temperature data from a small Agrostis magellanica mire on subantarctic Marion Island as part of an ongoing island-wide monitoring project on subsurface ground temperature variability. Variations in ground temperatures were found to be directly linked to the passage of synoptic scale weather systems that influence thermal characteristics and heat fluxes especially in the upper 30 cm of the mire. Preliminary data published here suggest that shallow temperatures will be most affected by changes in synoptic climate that Marion Island is currently experiencing with an increase in average temperatures and a reduction in temperature variability with depth. This study proposes that to effectively detect the ecosystem responses to climate change in a maritime sub-Antarctic environment the temporal scale of measurement needs to be at least on a diurnal scale to be effective.

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Climate and climate change

Cited by 40 publications

References 44 publications

High-frequency monitoring of stream water physicochemistry on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

High-frequency monitoring of stream water physicochemistry on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

The effect of synoptic scale weather systems on sub‐surface soil temperatures in a diurnal frost environment: preliminary observations from sub‐antarctic marion island

Rethinking climate change impacts on subsurface temperatures in a sub‐Antarctic mire affected by synoptic scale processes

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