Climate-based crop pattern determination using Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Oldeman classification in Sangiran Site

Abstract

Sangiran Site is dominated by rainfed field. Climate parameters, especially rain intensity affects crop patterns. Farmers strongly depend on rain intensity to support productivity thus they need climate-based crop patterns. Sangiran Site is prone to drought hazard since the region has a limited access to groundwater, which is henced by deep well in the region. Drought becomes the main threat to agriculture within Sangiran. This study aims to analyse meteorological drought and crop pattern determination using the SPI and the Oldeman classification respectively. Rainfall data is derived from multi temporal CHIRPS data. A monthly time series with thirty consecutive years (1988–2017) was used to calculate the annual SPI. The annual SPI help to determine crop patterns which is suitable for the region. The results of the study show that angiran Site has monsoonal rainfall with one peak of dry season, and one peak of wet season. Rainfed field is at the highest risk when drought lasts for above four months. Climate based crop patterns with the Oldeman classification indicate that Sangiran Site is classified into type C2 which is adequate for two times palawija crops and one time paddy crops.