Climate Change and Agriculture: Adaptation Strategies and Mitigation Opportunities for Food Security in South Asia and Latin America

Jat, M.L.; Dagar, J. C.; Sapkota, Tek B.; Yadvinder‐Singh,; Govaerts, Bram; Ridaura, Santiago López; Saharawat, Yashpal; Sharma, Rajni; Tetarwal, J.P.; Jat, Rajkumar; Hobbs, Herschel H.; Stirling, Clare M.

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2015.12.005

Cited by 151 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…Agroforestry provides a solution to tillage, burning of leaf litter, deforestation, wildfires, and soil disturbance by storing carbon or minimizing emissions into the atmosphere. On average, carbon storage by agroforestry systems has been estimated to be around 9, 21, 50, and 63 Mg C ha −1 in semiarid, subhumid, humid, and temperate regions, respectively (Jat et al 2016). Globally, there is the potential to establish agroforestry systems on 585-1275 × 10 6 ha land, and this could store 12-228 (median 95) Mg C ha −1 under current climate and edaphic conditions (Dixon 1995).…”

Section: Agroforestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change mitigation options among farmers in South Asia

Aryal

Rahut

Sapkota

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

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Agriculture in South Asia is highly vulnerable to climate change due to increasing variability in rainfall and rising temperatures leading to the incidence of extreme climatic events such as floods, droughts, heat/cold waves, and storms. Agriculture sector also contributes to the causes of climate change through the emission of greenhouse gasses (GHGs). Hence, adaptation-led mitigation measures are required to sustain agricultural productivity, farm income and reduce GHG emissions wherever possible. This study presents a systematic review of agriculture emission reduction opportunities with a particular focus on agricultural production systems in South Asia. Our review indicates that the adoption of better soil, water, nutrient management practices, and technologies has enormous potential to reduce GHG emissions from agriculture, thereby contributing to the mitigation of climate change. Many existing practices and technologies have the potential to improve both adaptation and mitigation in agriculture which can significantly contribute to complying with nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of South Asian countries. However, barriers to the adoption of GHG mitigating agricultural practices, mainly the financial and institutional barriers, need to be appropriately addressed to achieve the desired level of mitigation.

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Section: Agroforestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change mitigation options among farmers in South Asia

Aryal

Rahut

Sapkota

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

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“…The CSV approach adopts a wide range of interventions that cover the full spectrum of farm activities in the category of "water-smart" technologies (e.g., direct seeded rice, precision land leveling, bunding, micro-irrigation); "nutrition smart" (e.g., Nutrient Expert decision support tool, Green Seeker, legume integration); "carbon and energy smart" (e.g., no-tillage, residue management); and "weather and knowledge smart" (e.g., weather forecast, index-based insurance, ICT-based agro services). The portfolio of interventions is customized as per the local needs of farmers and villages (CIMMYT-CCAFS 2014;Jat et al 2015Jat et al , 2016Jat 2017). The objective of such interventions is to generate the adaptive capability of households, enabling them to mitigate the risk of climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does climate-smart village approach influence gender equality in farming households? A case of two contrasting ecologies in India

et al. 2018

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Evidence from climate-smart village (CSV) approach to mainstream climate-smart agriculture (CSA) demonstrates improved productivity, income, and reduced climatic risks. However, its contribution to gender empowerment in diverse farming households is not documented. This study creates a Gender Empowerment Index for climate-smart villages (GEI-CSV) based on four major measurable indicators-political, economic, agricultural, and social. The gender gap was derived by mapping difference in empowerment levels across selected CSVs and non-CSVs. These indicators can be used as a vital tool to understand the process of gender empowerment that can trigger the entry points to achieve gender equality, which is also an important aspect in the adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices (CSAPs). The study measures empowerment at the inter-household and intra-household level across CSVs and non-CSVs from the individual household survey with both female and male members of the same household. This paper provides evidence demonstrating how gender empowerment differs in CSVs and non-CSVs from selected climate-smart villages (community-based approach) in two contrasting ecologies and socioeconomic settings of India. The study documents the existing gender gap in CSVs and non-CSVs across India's western (Haryana) and eastern (Bihar) Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Irrespective of CSVs and non-CSVs, considerable differences in outlook and gender gap were observed between Bihar and Haryana. Both women and men in Bihar are less empowered than they are in Haryana. High empowerment level in CSVs than non-CSVs shows that the concept of CSVs has brought a change towards knowledge and capacity enhancement of both women and men farmers promoting gender equality in farming households with a varying scope of interventions made and required for scaling CSAPs across the diversity of farming households.

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“…Countries currently supported include Kenya, Thailand, Nepal, Uganda, and Columbia. Overall, a wide range of technological and managerial solutions have been put forward that can increase the resilience of agricultural systems, including the use of water‐saving technologies like micro‐irrigation, planting of climate‐resistant crop cultivars, and restoration of degraded soils and waters (Jat et al., ). In China, adaptation efforts are being made at different levels, with governments focused on new technology development and institutional capacity improvement (Wang, Huang, & Yang, ).…”

Section: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation In Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward sustainable climate change adaptation

Yang

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

J of Industrial Ecology

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Industrial ecology (IE) has made great contributions to climate change mitigation research, in terms of its systems thinking and solid methodologies such as life cycle assessment, material flow analysis, and environmentally extended input-output analysis. However, its potential contribution to climate change adaptation is unclear. Adaptation has become increasingly urgent in a continuously changing climate, especially in developing countries, which are projected to bear the brunt of climate-change-related damages. On the basis of a brief review of climate change impacts and adaptation literature, we suggest that IE can play an important role in the following two aspects.First, with the emphasis on a systems perspective, IE can help us determine how climate change interacts with our socio-economic system and how the interactions may aggravate (or moderate) its direct impacts or whether they may shift burden to other environmental impacts. Second, IE methodologies can help us quantify the direct and indirect environmental impacts of adaptation activities, identify mitigation opportunities, and achieve sustainable adaptation. Further, we find that substantial investment is needed to increase the resilience of infrastructure (e.g., transport, energy, and water supply) and agriculture in developing countries. Because these sectors are also the main drivers of environmental degradation, how to achieve sustainable climate-resilient infrastructure and agriculture in developing countries deserves special attention in future IE studies. Overall, IE thinking and methodologies have great potential to contribute to climate change adaptation research and policy questions, and exploring this growing field will, in turn, inspire IE development.

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Climate Change and Agriculture: Adaptation Strategies and Mitigation Opportunities for Food Security in South Asia and Latin America

Cited by 151 publications

References 265 publications

Climate change mitigation options among farmers in South Asia

Climate change mitigation options among farmers in South Asia

Does climate-smart village approach influence gender equality in farming households? A case of two contrasting ecologies in India

Toward sustainable climate change adaptation

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