Climate change and anthropogenic pressure on Bintan Islands, Indonesia: An assessment of the policies proposed by local authorities

Setiawati, Martiwi Diah; Nandika, Muhammad Rizki; Supriyadi, Indarto Happy; Iswari, Marindah Yulia; Prayudha, Bayu; Wouthuyzen, Sam; Adi, Novi Susetyo; Djamil, Yudha Setiawan; Hanifa, Nuraini Rahma; Chatterjee, Uday; Muslim, Aidy M.; Eguchi, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103123

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the study area experienced a warming temperature of 2.2 °C by 2021 (Figure 3A) and without any significant policy change, the temperature will continue to increase. This warming temperature also exist in other small islands region in the tropical region, such as Bintan Island (Setiawati et al, 2023b); Mauritius Island (Doorga, 2022); Carribian SIDS (Taylor et al, 2018) and other small Island states (Nurse et al, 2001). The study also revealed that the frequency of extreme temperatures of P99 since 2002 was almost 3.5-fold more often than in the year between 1980 and 2001 (Figure 4).…”

Section: Increasing Trend Of Air Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 52%

“…However, after 2000, they could not expect the season anymore (Figure 8), so it is hard for them to plan proper fishing activities, do home business for women, have more risk to go to the sea for the fisherman, and increase fishing capital costs. Increasing extreme condition, unpredictable season and slow onset phenomenon (i.e., abrasion and sea level rise) also faced others small island region such as Bintan Islands (Setiawati et al, 2023b), Solomon Islands (Albert et al, 2016), Micronesia (Nunn et al, 2017), Carribian Islands (Oberle et al, 2017.…”

Section: Change In Precipitation and Mean Sea Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seribu islands in the megacities of Jakarta on the frontlines of the climate crisis

Setiawati,

Chatterjee,

Djamil

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Jakarta, the biggest city in Indonesia, has one district that consists of hundreds of islands that face severe climate hazards called the Seribu Islands complex. This study explores the evidence of local climate trends, the potential impact, and its policy intervention on Seribu Islands, which are classified as small island states and widely recognized as being especially at risk from climate change, threatening their economic and social growth. Long-term in-situ climate data, satellite data, interviews with local stakeholders, and literature reviews were utilized to conduct an exploratory descriptive analysis. The result revealed that Seribu Island experienced a 2.2°C increase in minimum temperature from 1980 until 2021, 3.5-fold of the frequency of extreme temperature and precipitation, 4.17 mm/year of sea level rise, and 10.8 ha land expansion in the densest island. Moreover, about 67% of the inhabitant’s islands were occupied by built-up areas that cover more than 50% of the region. Further, under the worst-case SLR scenario, about 58.4% of the area will be affected, and about 29 islands will disappear. This evidence was also reinforced by every single local respondent’s viewpoint who felt that climate change is occurring in the region. Even though the region faces a severe threat of climate change, the issue of climate change adaptation has not been mainstreamed yet into their local policy. Therefore, the urgency of a real-time climate ground station, a real-time early warning system, and establishing a Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) at the district level have yet to be addressed. Furthermore, the knowledge gained from such case studies is outlined, along with some scientific evidence that may assist small island states in better fostering the opportunities provided by climate change adaptation.

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Section: Increasing Trend Of Air Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Change In Precipitation and Mean Sea Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seribu islands in the megacities of Jakarta on the frontlines of the climate crisis

Setiawati,

Chatterjee,

Djamil

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…This voluntary action makes it difficult for local governments to budget for the program's implementation. 58 In terms of how environmental justice issues have been conceptualized in managed retreat discussions, much debate has centered on the financial property losses of those relocated inland. According to a procedural ecological justice perspective, it is essential to consider the structural and institutional factors and the models of expertise that may explain the problems above.…”

Section: The Role Of Social Justice In Coastal Protection Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Social Justice Legitimacy to Protect Coastal Residents

Syaprillah,

Zein,

H.Malloy

2023

JHCLS

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This research aimed to establish the legitimacy of protecting coastal residents from a social justice perspective. This was normative legal research conducted following cases, statutes, facts, and comparisons. The results of this study show how important it is to prioritize social equity for coastal protection. As natural calamities become more frequent, property protection becomes more difficult. Countries endowed with substantial financial and human resources can effectively tackle the challenges associated with climate change mitigation through the development and establishment of state-of-the-art scientific and technological infrastructure. In multicultural social justice, all individuals are valued. Priorities for environmental and social justice are prevalent in developing nations afflicted by coastal ecological degradation and widening income gaps. Developed nations like Germany have implemented and enforced coastal protection policies to uphold environmental justice principles. Second, the community-led governance initiatives generated genuine participation through mutual aid. Environmental law advances the cause of social justice. Environmental justice, which emphasizes the distribution of resources and the preservation of vulnerable groups, has emerged as the essence of justice in the ecological age.

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“…[9] According to climate change projections, rising temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns will gradually reduce the amount of water availability in the majority of the Indonesian Archipelago, especially in small islands. [10] Provinces on Java-Bali Island typically have better access to potable water and sanitation conditions for their households compared to other islands. [11] Due to the political process of decentralization of public services and administration that occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, there has been uneven development throughout Indonesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field survey of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) usage for overcoming water scarcity on small islands in Indonesia

Savitri,

Souma,

Ishidaira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The dry season impacts clean water availability in Indonesia, particularly on small islands; however, there are few comprehensive studies of water availability on small islands. The aim of this study was to assess clean water sources and the obstacles to accessing clean water on small islands. We used a combination of structured questionnaires and interviews along with direct observations on two small islands in Indonesia, Belakang Padang Island and Labu Island. On Belakang Padang Island, we interviewed the water resource manager in October 2022 and May 2023, and surveyed 61 households in Tanjung Sari subdistrict RT No. 002/RW No. 002 in October 2022. On Labu Island, we interviewed the staff of the seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) system and surveyed 35 coastal households in September 2023. On both islands, the government has improved residents’ access to clean water by constructing SWRO facilities. The small SWRO facility on Labu Island ran more efficiently and stably as it was powered by a generator. The larger SWRO facility on Belakang Padang Island experienced disruptions during periods of unstable electricity generation supplied by the State Electricity Company. The absence of septic tanks pollutes the surrounding area and increases the risk of contaminating underground water and pipe networks (reservoirs and SWRO) during high tides, and seawater used for SWRO’s raw water. Our findings recommended the use of generators or sustainable generators for SWRO on small islands to achieve stable SWRO operation, as well as the use of an appropriate septic tank for coastal communities on small islands.

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Climate change and anthropogenic pressure on Bintan Islands, Indonesia: An assessment of the policies proposed by local authorities

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Seribu islands in the megacities of Jakarta on the frontlines of the climate crisis

Seribu islands in the megacities of Jakarta on the frontlines of the climate crisis

A Social Justice Legitimacy to Protect Coastal Residents

Field survey of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) usage for overcoming water scarcity on small islands in Indonesia

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