2002
DOI: 10.1016/s0967-0645(02)00321-1
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Climate change and control of the southeastern Bering Sea pelagic ecosystem

Abstract: We propose a new hypothesis, the Oscillating Control Hypothesis (OCH), which predicts that pelagic ecosystem function in the southeastern Bering Sea will alternate between primarily bottom-up control in cold regimes and primarily top-down control in warm regimes. The timing of spring primary production is determined predominately by the timing of ice retreat. Late ice retreat (late March or later) leads to an early, ice-associated bloom in cold water (e.g., 1995, 1997, 1999), whereas no ice, or early ice retr… Show more

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Cited by 501 publications
(405 citation statements)
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References 93 publications
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“…2) and become the main forcing of zooplankton variations. Overall, this emphasizes that changes in ecosystem functioning can be a result of variations at the higher trophic levels directly affected by human exploitation, and not merely the consequence of climate change (17,18). Specifically, and in contrast to what has been shown in other systems (27), in the Baltic Sea the changes in the dynamic properties of zooplankton were not directly related to climate-driven hydrological variations, but rather to an alteration of the interaction strength between highly harvested species (piscivore cod and planktivore sprat).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…2) and become the main forcing of zooplankton variations. Overall, this emphasizes that changes in ecosystem functioning can be a result of variations at the higher trophic levels directly affected by human exploitation, and not merely the consequence of climate change (17,18). Specifically, and in contrast to what has been shown in other systems (27), in the Baltic Sea the changes in the dynamic properties of zooplankton were not directly related to climate-driven hydrological variations, but rather to an alteration of the interaction strength between highly harvested species (piscivore cod and planktivore sprat).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…16). However, empirical evidence showing temporal shifts between the 2 opposite processes of trophic control are extremely rare in open marine ecosystems, and they typically have been related to the direct effect of contrasting climate regimes (17,18).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This provides an increased area for algal growth and a longer growing season leading to increased production [2,11]. Earlier blooms are not limited by grazers and the potential for higher vertical flux to sediments is increased [22,37]. The overall effect of these counteracting processes is as of yet unclear.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the Beaufort Sea, episodic fall blooms have obvious impact on the recruitment of secondary producers (Tremblay et al 2011). Similarly, yearly changes in the timing of the spring bloom have significant impact on the production of higher trophic level organisms through the food web in the Bering Sea (reviewed in Hunt et al 2002Hunt et al , 2011. The impact on secondary producers as a whole remains unknown because the grazing experiments were conducted only for C. glacialis C5, even though they comprise one-third of the total mesozooplankton abundance.…”
Section: Response Of Grazing Rate Of Calanus Glacialis C5mentioning
confidence: 99%