Climate Change and Its Impact on Crop Productivity

Abstract

The changing patterns in day to day weather situations, rising CO 2 concentrations, rising sea level, increasing temperature is an indicative of the fact that climate change being encountered by the life of earth at present. Climate change is caused by natural and anthropogenic factors-the natural being due to the periodic tidal pulls exerted by the astronomical bodies on earth's atmosphere and the enhanced one's are due to Changes in the climate through past and present are being evidenced through tephrochronological, dendrochronological, paleonological and archaeological measurements.Climate change has an impact on entire ecosystem, the greatest being on agriculture. Increasing CO 2 concentration increases photosynthetic rates in C3 plants, and reduces transpiration due to decreased stomatal aperture, thus increasing water use efficiency Elevated CO 2 at 330 ppm raised rice yields by 20% and further increase to 700 ppm increased yield by 26.4%. Increased yield is counteracted by a higher temperature that causes moisture stress, delays the maturity of crops due to increased senescence and reduction in grain filling period. Under warm temperature, 2°C above normal, decline in grain yiel d was to the tune of 8.4% in rice and 12.2% in

The State of the Soil Organic Matter and Nutrients in the Long-Term Field Experiments with Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers in Different Soil-Climate Conditions in the View of Expecting Climate Change

“…The worldwide agricultural production has increased significantly over the last 50 years, but the future demand for cereals, feedstuff, and renewable energy sources will increase considerably as a result of the growing population [3][4][5]. On the other hand, however, the agricultural crop yields have declined globally over the past 20-30 years [6] due to global warming, and the results of the model studies suggest that climate change will further reduce the yield potential of food and feedstuff, including maize [7][8][9][10][11][12]. It is supposed that Europe is not going to be affected to such extent as other parts of the world [13] and the impact of climate change in Europe will not affect EU countries equally.…”

Water Erosion Reduction Using Different Soil Tillage Approaches for Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Czech Republic

“…As a result of global warming, a decline in crop yields has been recorded [8][9][10][11]. These changes are also confirmed by model studies, which predict that potential production of food and feedstuff, including maize, will be further reduced in the future [12][13][14][15][16][17]. It is expected that European countries will not be as affected as other parts of the world [18].…”

Climatic Shifts and Agricultural Strategies: A thorough Review on Impact of Climate Change on Food Security and Crop Productivity

“…Heat, unpredictable weather, and a lack of irrigation are likely to cause losses in Indian agriculture [32]. The farming community and the expansion of the agricultural industry as a whole face challenge in understanding weather variations over time and modifying management strategies to achieve greater harvests.…”