Climate Change and Mercury Accumulation in Canadian High and Subarctic Lakes

Kirk, Jane L.; Muir, Derek C. G.; Antoniades, Dermot; Douglas, Marianne S. V.; Evans, Marlene S.; Jackson, Togwell A.; Kling, Hedy; Lamoureux, Scott F.; Lim, D. S. S.; Pienitz, Reinhard; Smol, John P.; Stewart, Katherine; Wang, X.; Yang, Fuquan

doi:10.1021/es200600b

Cited by 22 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Complicating the response are probable changes in the watershed transport, biogeochemistry, and bioavailability of Hg over time resulting from ecosystem alterations in the GLR (Munthe et al 2007a). In particular, documented increasing temperature in the Great Lakes (Austin and Colman 2008), and other factors related to changing climate are sufficient forcing factors to increase Hg bioavailability despite reductions in Hg deposition as suggested by recent Canadian arctic studies (Carrie et al 2010;Kirk et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatiotemporal trends of mercury in walleye and largemouth bass from the Laurentian Great Lakes Region

et al. 2011

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The risk of mercury (Hg) exposure to humans and wildlife from fish consumption has driven extensive mercury analysis throughout the Great Lakes Region since the 1970s. This study compiled fish-Hg data from multiple sources in the region and assessed spatiotemporal trends of Hg concentrations in two representative top predator fish species. Walleye (Sander vitreus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were chosen for the trend analysis because they had more Hg records (63,872) than other fish species that had been sampled from waters throughout the region. Waterbody types were inland lakes (70%), the Great Lakes, impoundments, and rivers. The compiled datasets were analyzed with a mixed effects statistical model having random effects of station, year, and fish length; and fixed effects of year, tissue type, fish length, habitat, and season. The results showed a generally declining temporal trend in fish-Hg for the region (1970-2009), with spatial trends of increasing Hg concentration from south to north and from west to east across the region. Nonlinearity was evident in the general downward trends of Ontario walleye, with a shift to an upward trend beginning in the 1990s. Only ongoing monitoring can reveal if this upward shift is an oscillation in a long-term decline, a statistical anomaly, or a sustained declining temporal trend in regional fish-Hg concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatiotemporal trends of mercury in walleye and largemouth bass from the Laurentian Great Lakes Region

et al. 2011

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“…Moreover, the downcore OM profiles in some of the sediment cores investigated in other aquatic environments have not exhibited decreasing trends (Kirk et al, 2011;Meyers, 1997), which are not consistent with the traditional degradation model and mechanism. Hence, more works are needed for investigating sources, fractionations, and biodegradation products of carbohydrates in different aquatic environments.…”

Section: Diagenesis Of Neutral Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…However, Kirk et al (2011) investigated 14 Canadian Arctic and subArctic lakes and found that the relationship between the S2 proxy and climate warming was irrelevant. In addition, only limited investigations have focused on the impact of global change on aquatic productivity in subtropical lakes (Hambright et al, 1994;Smol et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source, composition, and environmental implication of neutral carbohydrates in sediment cores of subtropical reservoirs, South China

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Neutral monosaccharides, algal organic matter (AOM), and carbon stable isotope ratios in three sediment cores of various trophic reservoirs in South China were determined by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, and Finnigan Delta Plus XL mass spectrometry, respectively. The carbon isotopic compositions were corrected for the Suess effect. The concentrations of total neutral carbohydrates (TCHO) range from 0.51 to 6.4 mg g −1 at mesotrophic reservoirs, and from 0.83 to 2.56 mg g −1 at an oligotrophic reservoir. Monosaccharide compositions and diagnostic parameters indicate a predominant contribution of phytoplankton in each of the three cores, which is consistent with the results inferred from the corrected carbon isotopic data and C/N ratios. The sedimentary neutral carbohydrates are likely to be structural polysaccharides and/or preserved in sediment minerals, which are resistant to degradation in the sediments. Moreover, the monosaccharide contents are highly related to the carbon isotopic data, algal productivity estimated from the hydrogen index, and increasing mean air temperature during the past 60 years. The nutrient input, however, is not a key factor affecting the primary productivity in the three reservoirs. The above evidence demonstrates that some of the resistant monosaccharides have been significantly elevated by climate change, even in low-latitude regions.

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“…If the ratio of concentrations in recent horizons to those in pre-industrial horizons (the enrichment ratio, or ER) is greater than 1, then anthropogenic enrichment has occurred. We have previously reported on the Hg profile in this core , as well as algal carbon and diatom abundance (Kirk et al, 2011).…”

Section: Sediment Core Trace Element Profilesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Bathymetry and Sediment Geochemistry of Lake Hazen (Quttinirpaaq National Park, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut)

Köck¹,

Muir²,

Yang³

et al. 2012

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Arctic lakes can provide a long-term perspective on environmental change, including trends in long-range atmospheric transport and deposition of contaminants, inferred from studies of sediment cores. In this study, we conducted the first detailed bathymetric survey of Lake Hazen (Quttinirpaaq National Park, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut), the world's largest lake north of 74˚ latitude. With these data we were able to determine optimal locations for sediment coring and to collect and analyze profundal sediment cores. A bathymetric map of Lake Hazen was developed on the basis of 362 spot soundings obtained with GPS-coupled sounding equipment placed directly on the ice combined with additional soundings from a small boat. The deepest point in the lake (81˚49.5ʹ N; 70˚42.8ʹ W) was found to be 267 m deep. The lake volume was estimated to be 5.14 × 10 10 m 3 , about 10% larger than previous estimates. Using estimates of the discharge of Lake Hazen from the Water Survey of Canada, we estimated the water retention time to be 89 years. Sediment cores were dated using 210 Pb and ) in horizons dated to 1950 -1880. The majority of elements measured in sediment (24 of 29 consistently above detection limits), as well as organic carbon, showed less than 20% variation in concentrations in the top 10 cm (compacted depth), which represent deposition over approximately 140 years. Geochemical characteristics of the sediment suggest that erosional inputs from annual glacial melting are the major source of essentially all elements and that anthropogenic inputs from long-range transport of toxic metals such as mercury and lead are very low.Key words: bathymetry, sediment, metals, depth sounding, lake volume, water residence time, radiometric, dating RÉSUMÉ. Les lacs de l'Arctique peuvent fournir une perspective à long terme en matière de changement environnemental, notamment en ce qui a trait aux tendances relatives au transport atmosphérique et au dépôt de contaminants sur de longues périodes, tendances inférées à partir d'études de carottes de sédiments. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, nous avons effectué le premier levé bathymétrique détaillé du lac Hazen (parc national Quttinirpaaq, île d'Ellesmere, Nunavut), le plus grand lac de la planète situé au nord de 74˚ de latitude. Grâce aux données prélevées, nous avons réussi à déterminer les meilleurs emplacements pour le prélèvement de carottes de sédiments de même que pour la collecte et l'analyse de carottes de sédiments profonds. Une carte bathymétrique du lac Hazen a été dressée en fonction de 362 sondages obtenus au moyen de matériel d'appareils phoniques dotés de GPS placés directement sur la glace et supplémentés par des sondages recueillis à partir d'un petit bateau. Le point le plus profond du lac (81˚49,5ʹ N; 70˚42,8ʹ O) a été trouvé à 267 m de profondeur. Le volume du lac a été évalué à 5,14 × 10 10 m 3 , soit 10 % de plus que les évaluations précédentes. À l'aide d'estimations du déversement du lac Hazen obtenues auprès de la Division des relevés hydrologiques du...

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Climate Change and Mercury Accumulation in Canadian High and Subarctic Lakes

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Spatiotemporal trends of mercury in walleye and largemouth bass from the Laurentian Great Lakes Region

Spatiotemporal trends of mercury in walleye and largemouth bass from the Laurentian Great Lakes Region

Source, composition, and environmental implication of neutral carbohydrates in sediment cores of subtropical reservoirs, South China

Bathymetry and Sediment Geochemistry of Lake Hazen (Quttinirpaaq National Park, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut)

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