Climate Change and the Biology of Insect Vectors of Human Pathogens

Chaves, Luis Fernando

doi:10.1002/9781119070894.ch8

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Mosquito abundance is a key parameter for the infection risk of vector-borne diseases [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Various climatic factors impact mosquito ecology and pathogen development and transmission [ 24 , 25 ]. An ubiquitous pattern is that high temperatures reduce mosquito developmental time [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] and also reduce the extrinsic incubation period of pathogens—for example, dengue virus in Ae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative humidity might influence the survival and flight ability of vectors [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The effect of precipitation, by contrast, depends on the environmental context where mosquitoes live [ 24 ]. For example, in dry environments moderate rainfall is required to create more habitats for vectors [ 37 ], rainfall can drive vector abundance outbreaks in wet environments [ 38 , 39 ], and rainfall can drive the recruitment of larvae from diapausing eggs [ 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Abundance in a Dengue Transmission Hotspot, Compared to a Coldspot, within Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Chaves

Tsai

et al. 2018

Insects

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The assumption that vector abundance differences might drive spatial and temporal heterogeneities in vector-borne disease transmission is common, though data supporting it is scarce. Here, we present data from two common mosquito species Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, biweekly sampled as adults, from March 2016 through December 2017, with BG-sentinel traps in two neighboring districts of Kaohsiung City (KC), Taiwan. One district has historically been a dengue transmission hotspot (Sanmin), and the other a coldspot (Nanzih). We collected a total 41,027 mosquitoes, and we found that average mosquito abundance (mean ± S.D.) was higher in Sanmin (Ae. aegypti: 9.03 ± 1.46; Cx. quinquefasciatus: 142.57 ± 14.38) than Nanzih (Ae. aegypti: 6.21 ± 0.47; Cx. quinquefasciatus: 63.37 ± 8.71) during the study period. In both districts, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus population dynamics were sensitive to changes in temperature, the most platykurtic environmental variable at KC during the study period, a pattern predicted by Schmalhausen’s law, which states that organisms are more sensitive to small changes in environmental variables whose average value is more uncertain than its extremes. Our results also suggest that differences in Ae. aegypti abundance might be responsible for spatial differences in dengue transmission at KC. Our comparative approach, where we also observed a significant increment in the abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus in the dengue transmission hotspot, suggests this area might be more likely to experience outbreaks of other vector borne diseases and should become a primary focus for vector surveillance and control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Abundance in a Dengue Transmission Hotspot, Compared to a Coldspot, within Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Chaves

Tsai

et al. 2018

Insects

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“…Adult females are also parasites of vertebrates. Thus, it remains a challenge to understand the ecological mechanisms, and their interplay with the changing environment, that act on the immature and adult stages to determine abundance (Chaves 2017, Shragai et al 2017. Despite the global relevance of mosquitoes to humans and natural systems, data on basic mosquito ecology are often outdated or lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the global relevance of mosquitoes to humans and natural systems, data on basic mosquito ecology are often outdated or lacking. Thus, it remains a challenge to understand the ecological mechanisms, and their interplay with the changing environment, that act on the immature and adult stages to determine abundance (Chaves 2017, Shragai et al 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes

2018

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Citation: Culler, L. E., M. P. Ayres, and R. A. Virginia. 2018. Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes. Ecosphere 9(8):Abstract. The abundance of mosquitoes is strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic factors that act on the immature (aquatic) and adult (terrestrial) life stages. Rapid changes in land use and climate, which impact aquatic and terrestrial mosquito habitat, necessitate studying the ecological mechanisms, and their interplay with the changing environment, that affect mosquito abundance. These data are crucial for anticipating how environmental change will impact their roles as pests, disease vectors, and in food webs. We studied a population of Arctic mosquitoes (Aedes nigripes, Diptera: Culicidae) in western Greenland, a region experiencing rapid environmental change, to quantify spatial variation in adult abundance and reproduction. Using sweep nets, we collected about sevenfold more mosquitoes within the town of Kangerlussuaq and within a low-elevation tundra valley compared to three other tundra locations. Dissections of adult female mosquitoes revealed that only 17% were gravid overall, with a range of 7-43% among sites. If gravid, mosquitoes matured an average of 60 eggs per individual-more in larger females. We found no indication of autogenous egg development. Analyses using our field data indicated that spatial variation in adult fecundity and survival of immatures could each account for a 10-fold range in the per capita growth of mosquito populations. The availability of vertebrate hosts and aquatic habitat is changing in many parts of the Arctic and can be expected to influence Arctic mosquito abundance. In the Arctic, and elsewhere, life-history data from natural populations of mosquitoes will significantly aid in understanding controls on the abundance of these globally ubiquitous insects.

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“…Konpira (Chaves 2016). We 61 also observed that a third mosquito species, Ae flavopictus, a competent vector of 62 Dengue virus (Eshita et al 1982), which used to be a rare species (Omori et al 1952; from the parameters estimated using finely grained spatio-temporal data on the 80 abundance of adults from these three mosquito species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and the Biology of Insect Vectors of Human Pathogens

Cited by 16 publications

References 128 publications

Increased Adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Abundance in a Dengue Transmission Hotspot, Compared to a Coldspot, within Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Increased Adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Abundance in a Dengue Transmission Hotspot, Compared to a Coldspot, within Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes

Globally invasive, withdrawing at home: Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus facing the rise of Aedes flavopictus

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