Climate Change and Vector‐borne Viral Diseases

Zhang, Ying; Hansen, Alana; Bi, Peng

doi:10.1002/9781118297469.ch1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…albopictus is less urban) throughout the year makes dengue fever an endemic disease in a number of countries. Among the predicting variables, a rise of temperature and rainfall have shown to be associated with the number of dengue cases [ 1 ]. While relatively less emphasized compared to the climatic factors, mass movement is particularly important during large-scale outbreaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease commonly reported in the tropical regions of the world. The presence of two mosquito vectors (Aedes aegypti is highly urban, while A. albopictus is less urban) throughout the year makes dengue fever an endemic disease in a number of countries. Among the predicting variables, a rise of temperature and rainfall have shown to be associated with the number of dengue cases [1]. While relatively less emphasized compared to the climatic factors, mass movement is particularly important during large-scale outbreaks. This article presents a case based on the available data from the 2019 outbreak in Bangladesh, where the dengue fever was initially concentrated in Dhaka, the capital city. Dhaka is one of the most crowded megacities in the world, with over 19 million people distributed over 453 square km (spatial density of 41,000/square km) [2]. It is a hub of all key administrative, educational, and industrial activities in Bangladesh. Hence, a considerable proportion of the Bangladeshi population prefers to live in the city for better income, quality education, and better facilities overall. The 2019 dengue outbreak in Dhaka was the most intense since the emergence of dengue outbreaks in late the 1990s in Bangladesh [3]. According to Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Bangladesh, a total of 100,201 confirmed dengue cases were admitted in hospitals between January and December 2019; 51,179 cases were reported in Dhaka city and 49,022 across the rest of Bangladesh [4]. This implies a 10-fold increase in hospitalized cases compared with the largest outbreak before 2019. Since the first major outbreak in 2000, all four serotypes (DEN-1-4) were reported in Dhaka city until 2003, a with higher prevalence of DEN-3 serotype. After a hiatus (2013-2016), DEN-3 serotype re-emerged in 2017, and this serotype has been reported to be the most frequently identified during the 2019 outbreak [5,6]. Anecdotal evidence from medical practitioners suggests that dengue patients manifested with a spectrum of atypical symptoms in the 2019 outbreak, which can be related to serodiversity of the viral strains. A recently published nationwide seroprevalence study (2014-2015) showed that 24% of participants had past history of dengue infection in Bangladesh [7]. Seropositivity of the infected individuals was largely confined to three big cities, namely Dhaka, Chittagong, and Khulna, indicating that circulation of dengue virus was not high in the semi-urban and rural areas of Bangladesh [7]. Notably, all major dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh showed a tendency to remain confined mostly in Dhaka city [7], and the 2019 outbreak showed the same trend PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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“…Some investigators foresee dire consequences due to projected increases in vector-borne disease (3)(4)(5)(6)(7); others emphasize the uncertainty in such predictions due to our limited knowledge about the complex ecology of vector-borne disease systems (2,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Several studies that address the complexity of vector-borne disease episystems have predicted increases in vector-borne diseases due to global climate change (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and the Arboviruses: Lessons from the Evolution of the Dengue and Yellow Fever Viruses

Tabachnick

2016

Annu. Rev. Virol.

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The impact of anticipated changes in global climate on the arboviruses and the diseases they cause poses a significant challenge for public health. The past evolution of the dengue and yellow fever viruses provides clues about the influence of changes in climate on their future evolution. The evolution of both viruses has been influenced by virus interactions involving the mosquito species and the primate hosts involved in virus transmission, and by their domestic and sylvatic cycles. Information is needed on how viral genes in general influence phenotypic variance for important viral functions. Changes in global climate will alter the interactions of mosquito species with their primate hosts and with the viruses in domestic cycles, and greater attention should be paid to the sylvatic cycles. There is great danger for the evolution of novel viruses, such as new serotypes, that could compromise vaccination programs and jeopardize public health. It is essential to understand (a) both sylvatic and domestic cycles and (b) the role of virus genetic and environmental variances in shaping virus phenotypic variance to more fully assess the impact of global climate change.

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Climate Change and Vector‐borne Viral Diseases

Cited by 2 publications

References 85 publications

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dengue in a crowded megacity: Lessons learnt from 2019 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Climate Change and the Arboviruses: Lessons from the Evolution of the Dengue and Yellow Fever Viruses

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