Climate change, host plant availability, and irrigation shape future region‐specific distributions of the Sitobion grain aphid complex

Abstract

BACKGROUND Understanding where species occur using species distribution models has become fundamental to ecology. Although much attention has been paid to invasive species, questions about climate change related range shifts of widespread insect pests remain unanswered. Here, we incorporated bioclimatic factors and host plant availability into CLIMEX models to predict distributions under future climate scenarios of major cereal pests of the Sitobion grain aphid complex (Sitobion avenae, S. miscanthi, and S. akebiae). Additionally, we incorporated the application of irrigation in our models to explore the relevance of a frequently used management practice that may interact with effects of climate change of the pest distributions. RESULTS Our models predicted that the area potentially at high risk of outbreaks of the Sitobion grain aphid complex would increase from 41.3% to 53.3% of the global land mass. This expansion was underlined by regional shifts in both directions: expansion of risk areas in North America, Europe, most of Asia, and Oceania, and contraction of risk areas in South America, Africa, and Australia. In addition, we found that host plant availability limited the potential distribution of pests, while the application of irrigation expanded it. CONCLUSION Our study provides insights into potential risk areas of insect pests and how climate, host plant availability, and irrigation affect the occurrence of the Sitobion grain aphid complex. Our results thereby support agricultural policy makers, farmers, and other stakeholders in their development and application of management practices aimed at maximizing crop yields and minimizing economic losses. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Arthropod predator identity and evenness jointly shape the delivery of pest control services

“…Wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) as an important food crop is often severely damaged by many pests, among which Sitobion avenae is the most dominant and harmful 31 . It can cause substantial wheat yield loss with as few as four aphids per straw 32 and its risky areas are predicted to constantly expand globally 33 . S .…”

“…31 It can cause substantial wheat yield loss with as few as four aphids per straw 32 and its risky areas are predicted to constantly expand globally. 33 S. avenae has a wide range of natural enemies, including predators and parasites. In this study, we selected four species of arthropod predators (two flying species, the lady beetle Coccinella septempunctata and the mirid bug Macrolophus pygmaeus, and two ground-dwelling species, the carabid beetle Poecilus cupreus and the spider Trochosa ruricola) as the natural enemies of S. avenae.…”

Nested assemblages of aphid species in the Thousand Island Lake: The importance of island area and host plant diversity

“…种普遍存在的群落非随机分布模式 (Wright et al, 1997;Matthews et al, 2015), 它指的是一种低丰富 度斑块(或岛屿)物种组成是较高丰富度斑块(或岛 屿)物种组成子集的分布模式 (Darlington, 1957) 境多样性等非生物因素 (Wright et al, 1997;Wang et al, 2010;Tan et al, 2021), 以及物种本身能够反映其 存活、扩散能力的生活史特征因素 (Schouten et al, 2007;Nolte et al, 2017)作为影响嵌套格局的因素。 这些假说并不互相排斥, 任何可能影响物种分布的 因素都可能影响生物群落的嵌套格局 (Boecklen, 1997;。 事实上, 除了物种扩散、灭绝等过程及生境结 构以外, 片段化生境中的群落分布往往还受到物种 间相互作用(下称"种间互作")的影响 (Schrader et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022)。多项研究表明, 物种间通过竞 争、捕食、寄生、互惠共生等行为所形成的互作关 系会影响种群动态和群落的空间分布格局 (Hacker & Gaines, 1997;Wisz et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2023) (Nelson et al, 2019), 所以许多生境片段 化研究常选用蚜虫作为研究对象 (Grez et al, 2008;Mitchell et al, 2022)。此外, 蚜虫与自然界其他物种 之间有着丰富的种间互作关系: 首先, 蚜虫以吸食 植物的汁液为生, 蚜虫与植物在长期演化过程中形 成了密切的协同进化关系 (Eastop, 1986;Shih et al, 2023), 因此大部分蚜虫具有很高的寄主植物专一 性 (黄晓磊和乔格侠, 2006;Gao et al, 2014) iNEXT 2.0.20 (Hsieh et al, 2016)、bipartite 2.17 本研究主要以形态学鉴定结果来划分蚜虫种类, DNA条形码技术鉴定结果仅作为辅助。其中Aphis eugeniae实际采集数量较少, 故仅做形态学鉴定, 未做 DNA比对。In this study, the aphid species were divided mainly by morphological identification, and the DNA barcoding results were only used as auxiliary. Among them, the actual collection amount of Aphis eugeniae was small, so only morphological identification was done, and DNA comparison was not done.…”