Climate Changes in Siberia

Groisman, P. Y.; Blyakharchuk, Tatiana; Chernokulsky, А. V.; Arzhanov, M. M.; Marchesini, Luca Belelli; Богданова, Е. Г.; Борзенкова, И. И.; Bulygina, Olga; Карпенко, А. А.; Карпенко, Л. В.; Knight, Richard W.; Khon, Vyacheslav; Korovin, Georgiy N.; Meshcherskaya, Anna V.; Мохов, И. И.; Parfenova, E. I.; Razuvaev, V. N.; Speranskaya, N. A.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda M.; Vygodskaya, N. N.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4569-8_3

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…As a consequence, a progressive shift from N limitation to P limitation or N-P co-limitation can occur (Ågren et al, 2012;Peñuelas et al, 2012;Vitousek et al, 2010). These modifications of biogeochemical cycling on global and regional scales will participate in the way ecosystem reshaping is driven, for example through the modification of plant communities as they adapt to new stoichiometric constraints (Güsewell, 2004). It may also have consequences for agricultural potential on these scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the P value of Siberian soils? Soil phosphorus status in south-western Siberia and comparison with a global data set

Brédoire¹,

Bakker²,

Augusto³

et al. 2016

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Climate change is particularly strong in northern Eurasia and substantial ecological changes are expected in this extensive region. The reshaping and migration northwards of bioclimatic zones may offer opportunities for agricultural development in western and central Siberia. However, the bioclimatic vegetation models currently employed for projections still do not consider soil fertility, in spite of this being highly critical for plant growth. In the present study, we surveyed the phosphorus (P) status in the south-west of Siberia where soils have developed on loess parent material. We selected six sites differing in pedoclimatic conditions and the soil was sampled at different depths down to 1 m in aspen (Populus tremula L.) forest as well as in grassland areas. The P status was assessed by conventional methods and by isotope dilution kinetics. We found that P concentrations and stocks, as well as their distribution through the soil profile, were fairly homogeneous on the regional scale studied, although there were some differences between sites (particularly in organic P). The young age of the soils, together with slow kinetics of soil formation processes have probably not yet resulted in a sufficiently wide range of soil physico-chemical conditions to observe a more diverging P status. The comparison of our data set with similar vegetation contexts on the global scale revealed that the soils of south-western Siberia, and more generally of northern Eurasia, often have (very) high levels of total, organic and inorganic P. The amount of plant-available P in topsoils, estimated by the isotopically exchangeable phosphate ions, was not particularly high but was intermediate on the global scale. However, large stocks of plant-available P are stored in subsurface layers which currently have low fine-root exploration intensities. These results suggest that the P resource is unlikely to constrain vegetation growth and agricultural development under the present conditions or in the near future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the P value of Siberian soils? Soil phosphorus status in south-western Siberia and comparison with a global data set

Brédoire¹,

Bakker²,

Augusto³

et al. 2016

Biogeosciences

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“…Permafrost vulnerability to climate change may be underestimated unless effects of wildfire are considered [12]. Although wildfire in boreal forests is a natural phenomenon, its frequency increased significantly [37,38]. Mean fire return in Siberia ranges from 20 to 350 years, with a drastic increase in the southern part due to frequent dry seasons and changes in human behavior [39,40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combination of Wildfire and Changing Climate Triggers Permafrost Degradation in the Khentii Mountains, Northern Mongolia

et al. 2020

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High topographic heterogeneity and complex mechanisms between the atmosphere and the ground create unique hydro-climatic processes over mountainous regions. Based on in situ observations, we present the spatial variability of ground surface temperature (GST) in the Khentii Mountains of northern Mongolia, which is situated at the southern fringe of the Eurasian permafrost zone. Changes in the hydrothermal regime of the active layer were investigated in association with changing climate and wildfire effects. The results reveal that the GST tends to increase continuously since 2011 in both thawing and freezing seasons, and varies significantly within a short horizontal distance, particularly during the thawing season. Extreme weather events, such as drought and heavy snowfall, amplify the increase in the ground temperature and deepen the seasonal thawing depth. The fire-induced loss in organic layer resulted in a greater heat penetration deeper into the ground and unbalanced the moisture distribution. Overall, the thawing depth is greater by >1.7 m under severely burned forest, compared to unburned forest. Given that about 30% of the boreal forest was affected by wildfire in the study area, the ground thermal regime changed considerably. The findings suggest that the combination of regional temperature rise and more frequent extreme weather and wildfire events in the region triggers permafrost degradation and alters the hydrothermal regime in the future.

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“…The decreased glaciation of the Arctic Sea influenced warm sea currents and formation of intensive northwestern transfer of wet air masses from the north of Fennoscandia increasing the precipitation over Siberia. The total annual precipitation rate was approximately 25 mm higher than today (Groisman et al, 2013). One of the available humidity reconstructions shows the maximum level of wetness of the Holocene during the Boreal period (Blyakharchuk, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pollen-based postglacial long-term climate reconstructions for Western Siberia (Blyakharchuk, 2009; Groisman et al, 2013) distinguish drier and wetter time periods. The increased precipitation or decreased runoff probably influenced the rivers; however, there is only limited knowledge on the postglacial palaeoecology, including the flooding history from the Ob region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postglacial flooding and vegetation history on the Ob River terrace, central Western Siberia based on the palaeoecological record from Lake Svetlenkoye

et al. 2020

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The hemispheric-scale climatic fluctuations during the Holocene have probably influenced the large Siberian rivers. However, detailed studies of the West Siberian Plain postglacial environmental change are scarce and the records of millennial-scale palaeohydrology are nearly absent. This paper presents the Holocene palaeoecological reconstruction based on the sedimentary record of Lake Svetlenkoye, located near the confluence of major Siberian rivers Ob and Irtysh. Postglacial history of flooding, dynamics of regional and local vegetation, sedimentation regime, geochemical changes and lake water pH were reconstructed based on multi-proxy studies. We used palaeobotanical (plant macrofossils, pollen, diatoms), geochemical (organic matter, total organic carbon and nitrogen content, carbon/nitrogen ratio) and chronological (14C dates, spheroidal fly-ash particle counts) methods. The studied sediment section started to accumulate ~11,400 cal. yr BP. The initial shallow water body was flooded by Ob River waters ~8100–8000 cal. yr BP as confirmed by a remarkable increase in the sedimentation rate and the accumulation rate of the aquatic vegetation proxies. The period of flooding coincides with the high humidity periods reconstructed from regional palaeobotanical records. About 6800–6700 cal. yr BP, the study site became isolated from the Ob River floodplain and remained a small lake until present. The diatom-based lake water pH estimates suggest fluctuations in the pH values during the Holocene, the recent decrease since 1960s being the most notable. The vegetation record revealed constant postglacial presence of tree taxa – Betula, Pinus and Picea – although in different pollen ratios and accumulation rates through time. The paludification of the surroundings occurred since ca. 8500 cal. yr BP.

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Climate Changes in Siberia

Cited by 45 publications

References 108 publications

What is the P value of Siberian soils? Soil phosphorus status in south-western Siberia and comparison with a global data set

What is the P value of Siberian soils? Soil phosphorus status in south-western Siberia and comparison with a global data set

The Combination of Wildfire and Changing Climate Triggers Permafrost Degradation in the Khentii Mountains, Northern Mongolia

Postglacial flooding and vegetation history on the Ob River terrace, central Western Siberia based on the palaeoecological record from Lake Svetlenkoye

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