Climate‐Dependent Sediment Composition and Transport of Mountainous Rivers in Tectonically Stable, Subtropical East Asia

Jian, Xing; Zhang, Wei; Yang, Shouye; Kao, Shuh‐Ji

doi:10.1029/2019gl086150

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Heavy minerals were then separated by heavy liquid tribromomethane (2.89 g/cm 3 ) from the 63-250 μm fractions and subsequently weighted and mounted on glass slides with Canada balsam. More than 200 transparent heavy mineral grains were identified and point-counted at suitable regular spacing for each sample using a polarizing microscope (Jian, Zhang, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment provenance of the Lulehe Formation in the Qaidam basin: Insight to initial Cenozoic deposition and deformation in northern Tibetan plateau

Jian

Wang

et al. 2022

Basin Research

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Unravelling early Cenozoic basin development in northern Tibetan Plateau remains crucial to understanding continental deformation mechanisms and to assessing models of plateau growth. We target coarse-grained red beds from the Cenozoic basal Lulehe Formation in the Qaidam basin by combining conglomerate clast compositions, paleocurrent determinations, sandstone petrography, heavy mineral analysis and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology to characterize sediment provenance and the relationship between deformation and deposition. The red beds are dominated by matrix-supported, poorly sorted clastic rocks, implying low compositional and textural maturity and short transport distances. Although most sandstones have high (meta)sedimentary lithic fragment contents and abundant heavy minerals of metamorphic origin (e.g., garnet, epidote and chlorite), spatiotemporal differences in detrital compositions are evident. Detrital zircon grains mainly have Phanerozoic ages (210-280 Ma and 390-480 Ma), but Proterozoic ages (750-1000 Ma, 1700-2000 Ma and 2300-2500 Ma) are also prominent in some samples. Analysed strata display dissimilar (including south-, north-and west-directed) paleocurrent orientations. These results demonstrate that the Cenozoic basal deposits were derived from localized, spatially diverse sources with small drainage networks. We advocate that initial sedimentary filling in the northern Qaidam basin was fed by parent-rocks from the North Qaidam-South Qilian belts and the pre-Cenozoic basement within the Qaidam terrane interior, rather than southern distant Eastern Kunlun regions.Seismic and drilling well stratigraphic data indicate the presence of paleohighs and syn-sedimentary reverse faults and noteworthy diversity in sediment thickness of the Lulehe Formation, revealing that the Qaidam terrane exhibited as several isolated depocenters, rather than a coherent basin, in the early stage of the Cenozoic deposition. We suggest the Cenozoic Qaidam basin to have developed in a contractional deformation regime, which supports models with synchronous deformation throughout most of Tibet shortly after the India-Eurasia collision.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment provenance of the Lulehe Formation in the Qaidam basin: Insight to initial Cenozoic deposition and deformation in northern Tibetan plateau

Jian

Wang

et al. 2022

Basin Research

Self Cite

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“…The M River is located in the 25-29 • N latitude and 116-120 • E longitude region, and flows eastward through the Taiwan Strait. The river provides important assistance to people's daily lives, industry, and agriculture in the cities of southeast China [28]. As a subtropical mountain river, the M River basin has an average annual temperature of 16-20 • C, and total annual rainfall of 1500-2000 mm, which is higher than that of other plain-dominated rivers in China.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The M River is an important river flowing through the capital city (mainly urban areas) of a province in southeast China, providing a permanent source of water for approximately 14 million people [28]. Based on the above background, WQI calculations, RF model construction, and PMF analyses were performed using a dataset of 14 water quality parameters collected on a monthly basis over 10 years (2011-2020) from four monitoring stations on the M River.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Evaluation and Pollution Source Apportionment of Surface Water in a Major City in Southeast China Using Multi-Statistical Analyses and Machine Learning Models

Wang

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The comprehensive evaluation of water quality and identification of potential pollution sources has become a hot research topic. In this study, 14 water quality parameters at 4 water quality monitoring stations on the M River of a city in southeast China were measured monthly for 10 years (2011–2020). Multiple statistical methods, the water quality index (WQI) model, machine learning (ML), and positive matrix factorisation (PMF) models were used to assess the overall condition of the river, select crucial water quality parameters, and identify potential pollution sources. The average WQI values of the four sites ranged from 68.31 to 77.16, with a clear trend of deterioration from upstream to downstream. A random forest-based WQI model (WQIRF model) was developed, and the results showed that Mn, Fe, faecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, and total nitrogen were selected as the top five important water quality parameters. Based on the results of the WQIRF and PMF models, the contributions of potential pollution sources to the variation in the WQI values were quantitatively assessed and ranked. These findings prove the effectiveness of ML in evaluating water quality, and improve our understanding of surface water quality, thus providing support for the formulation of water quality management strategies.

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“…The Minjiang River Estuary (MRE) is a strong tidal estuary with an average tidal range of 4.46 m and a high tidal current velocity, which is characterized by abundant sediment supply and strong tidally induced hydrodynamic force [33]. The Minjiang River is significantly affected by extreme events due to tropical cyclones generated in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea [34][35][36]. In this paper, we will use source-specific biomarkers, elemental and stable isotope data (δ 13 C) of bulk OM extracted from surface sediments collected from MRE to decipher the OM compositions and their distribution pathways in the strong tidal estuary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Sedimentary Organic Matter in Tidal Estuaries: A Case Study from the Minjiang River Estuary

Tao

Xiang

et al. 2023

Water

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As one of the main interfaces of the Earth system, estuaries show the strongest land–sea interaction in the carbon cycle, which links terrestrial ecosystems to the marginal sea. Furthermore, estuaries are considered as one of the most active intermediate reservoirs for both terrestrial and marine matter due to complex hydrodynamic processes regulated by the river runoff, wave and tide. Processing of organic matter (OM) in tidal estuaries modifies its transfer and transformation from the river to the sea, so studies of on the source and distributions of estuarine OM can help us understand the behavior of production, exchange, transport and burial of diverse OM within this transition zone before entering the marginal sea. In this paper, we took the Minjiang River Estuary (MRE) as a typical system in which there is strong influence of the tide. The source, composition and spatial distribution of OM in surface sediments of MRE were deciphered based on multiple organic geochemical properties for source-specific biomarkers (n-alkanes, n-alkanols, sterols) and bulk OM. Results show that sedimentary organic components were negatively correlated with sediment grain size, which indicates fine particles such as silt and clay are the major carriers of the OM signals in tidal estuaries. Source-specific biomarker proxies indicate that in terms of source diversity the sedimentary OM in the MRE shows mixed signals of terrestrial and marine sources, and the proportion of terrestrial OM decreases with the increase in distance from the land. The fractional contributions of OM from the riverine (i.e., terrestrial), marine and deltaic sources were quantitatively estimated using a Monte Carlo (MC) three-end-member mixing model based on C/N and δ13C values, and the average contributions of the three sources are 40 ± 10%, 48 ± 10% and 12 ± 4%, respectively, with little contribution from deltaic sources. The dispersion of sedimentary OM from different sources in the MRE is primarily controlled by the depositional environment determined by dynamic conditions and tidal processes play a significant role in the redistribution of sedimentary OM dispersion patterns. Compared with other large estuaries in southeast China, the OM accumulation contribution in the tide dominated small and medium-sized estuaries such as the MRE which is largely dependent on riverine and marine deliveries. The MRE has a high potential for both terrestrial and marine organic carbon (OC) burial, with an accumulation rate of 3.39 ± 1.83 mg cm−2 yr−1 for terrestrial OC, and an accumulation rate of 3.18 ± 0.68 mg cm−2 yr−1 for marine OC in muddy sediment, making it an important contributor to the sedimentary carbon sink of the marginal sea.

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Climate‐Dependent Sediment Composition and Transport of Mountainous Rivers in Tectonically Stable, Subtropical East Asia

Cited by 26 publications

References 57 publications

Sediment provenance of the Lulehe Formation in the Qaidam basin: Insight to initial Cenozoic deposition and deformation in northern Tibetan plateau

Sediment provenance of the Lulehe Formation in the Qaidam basin: Insight to initial Cenozoic deposition and deformation in northern Tibetan plateau

Water Quality Evaluation and Pollution Source Apportionment of Surface Water in a Major City in Southeast China Using Multi-Statistical Analyses and Machine Learning Models

Characteristics of Sedimentary Organic Matter in Tidal Estuaries: A Case Study from the Minjiang River Estuary

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