Climate normals and weather normalization for utility regulation

Won, Seoung Joun; Wang, X. Henry; Warren, Henry E.

doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2015.12.016

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…At present, there are different approaches that determine the requirements and methodologies appropriate to nZEB buildings. Despite the fact that each country has its own indicators and parameters, a number of research projects have been based on a common framework in order to group different trends together (Unión Europea, 2016); (Sartori et al, 2012); (Marszal et al, 2011); (Hermelink et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of nZEBs, the EU has promoted joint studies with universities and specialized centers to determine the feasibility and application of the new regulations, while private companies have increased investments in research in order to be competitive in the face of new requirements. The directive of energy efficiency of buildings is still under evaluation to achieve better results by 2030 (Unión Europea, 2016).…”

Section: Challenge 5: Succeeding In the Implementation Of An Nzeb Dirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process has effectively been carried out, and 60% of EU Member States now have a legal document that establishes what they consider and expect to be an nZEB building based on requirements that are not uniform. (Unión Europea, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retos para una definición de “Edificios de consumo energético casi nulo”

Collado¹,

Himpe²,

González³

et al. 2019

Rev. ing. constr.

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The concept of 'nearly zero energy buildings' (nZEB) could represent a more sustainable aspiration within construction policies, although it has been a little analyzed approach in the Latin-American context. Currently there are different approaches in the world to determine the appropriate requirements and methodologies to define buildings as nZEB. The present work is based on an analysis of the main common variables defined in the international literature to establish this classification such as the buildings passive design, the energy balance methodology and the indicators of renewable energy. It is defined and it is discussed the five main challenges for Cuba, analyzed country as a study case, if a similar energy efficiency directive is implemented in buildings, based on a comparison between the European experience in energy efficiency and the national situation. The presented discussion about the challenge of establishing a suitable national directive according the regional features is useful for analyzing the Latin-American region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenge 5: Succeeding In the Implementation Of An Nzeb Dirmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retos para una definición de “Edificios de consumo energético casi nulo”

Collado¹,

Himpe²,

González³

et al. 2019

Rev. ing. constr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In some cases where temperature adjustment induced spurious volatility, only seasonal adjustment was performed. Temperature adjustment is based on the heating and cooling degree days as well as their 30-year average between 1981 and 2010 (the ‘climate normals,’ see Elkhafif 1996 and Won et al 2016 for recent applications). Appendix A.2 explains the procedures for performing temperature and seasonal adjustment as well as for assessing seasonal effects.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(A.1) may consist of only HDD it or CDD it see Table A.2 . Construct the correction factor as

where τ is the year ( τ = 1984, 1985, …, 2014) and q is the quarter ( q = Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, Q 4),

are climate normals, typically computed over a three consecutive ten-year period the most recent being 1981–2010, see Won et al (2016) for a discussion of climate normals. The temperature adjusted consumption series is then

…”

Section: Appendix A: Further Description Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on global fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

2021

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The shock to the global economy from COVID-19 is predicted to be faster and more severe than the 2008 global financial crisis and even the Great Depression. We assess its impact on global fossil fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions over a two-year horizon. For this purpose we employ a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model, which captures complex spatial-temporal interdependencies across countries due to the spread of the virus and associated international propagation of economic impact. The model makes use of a unique quarterly data set of coal, natural gas, and oil consumption, output and exchange rates, including global fossil fuel prices for 32 major CO 2 emitting countries. We produce forecasts of coal, natural gas and oil consumption, conditional on GDP growth scenarios based on alternative IMF World Economic Outlook forecasts that were made before and after the outbreak. We also simulate the effect of a relative price change in fossil fuels, due to carbon pricing in all countries in the sample, on consumption and output. Our results show that fossil fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions are expected to return to their pre-crisis levels, and even exceed them, within the two-year horizon despite the large reductions in the first quarter following the outbreak. Our forecasts anticipate more robust growth for emerging than for advanced economies. Recovery to the pre-crisis levels is expected even if another wave of pandemic occurs within a year. The results from our counterfactual carbon pricing scenario show that an increase in coal prices is expected to have a smaller impact on GDP than on fossil fuel consumption. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic would not provide countries with a strong reason to delay climate change mitigation efforts.

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