Climate reference stations in Germany: Status, parallel measurements and homogeneity of temperature time series

Kaspar, Frank; Hannak, Lisa; Schreiber, Klaus-Jürgen

doi:10.5194/asr-13-163-2016

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2) is a "faceted search", i.e. it allows the users to narrow down search results by applying multiple filters based on faceted classification of the items (Tunkelang, 2009). A faceted classification system classifies each element along multiple dimensions, called facets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive open access to climate observations from Germany

2019

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During recent years, Germany's national meteorological service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD) has significantly expanded the open access to its climate observations. A first step was a simple FTP-site with the possibility for downloading archives with various categories of data, e.g. national and international station-based meteorological data, derived parameters, gridded products and special categories as e.g. phenological data. The data are based on the observing systems of DWD for Germany as well as international activities of DWD. To improve the interactive and user-friendly access to the data, a new portal has been developed. The portal serves a variety of user requirements that result from the broad range of applications of DWD's climate data. Here we provide an overview of the new climate data portal of DWD. It is based on a systematic implementation of OGC-based technologies. It allows easy graphical access to the station data, but also supports access via technical interfaces, esp. Web-Map-and Web-Feature-Services.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive open access to climate observations from Germany

2019

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“…Some stations are located on a mountain top, some are close to the sea or on flat terrain. Table 1 shows the locations and the temporal coverage as used in this study (see Kaspar et al, 2016 for more information).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At German climate reference stations, up to ten years of parallel measurements are available to analyze the impact of the transition from historical to the current operational measurement system. The first results on the comparison of temperature measurements are summarized in Kaspar et al (2016). In contrast to these results the effect of changing the measurement instrument for daily sunshine duration has a larger influence on the homogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of manual and automatic daily sunshine duration measurements at German climate reference stations

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Precise quantification of climate change depends on long time series of meteorological variables. Such time series should be as homogeneous as possible but some changes of measurement conditions cannot be prevented. At German climate reference stations, parallel measurements are used to analyze the effects of changes in measurement systems for example for the transition from manual to automatic instruments. These parallel measurements aim to identify measurement uncertainties and to analyze the comparability of measurement systems to investigate the homogeneity. In this study, we investigate daily sunshine duration. Traditionally, manual measurements of daily sunshine duration are taken with Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorders. For automatic measurements the SONIe or SCAPP instrument is used. The different measurement principles (glass sphere and photodiode) cause systematic differences between the observations. During summer, values for manual observations are larger especially in case of frequent alternations between sunny and cloudy conditions. Furthermore, the standard deviation of the differences between the two measurement systems is larger during summer because of the greater day length. To adjust the automatic measurements a linear regression model is suggested based on parallel measurements from 13 climate reference stations in Germany. To validate the regression coefficients, a leave-one-out cross validation was performed (by leaving out data of individual stations). The regression coefficients (derived from different sets of stations) are similar, thereby indicating a robust data set for the estimation of the linear model. With this method we want to prevent breaks in long time series of daily sunshine duration caused by the transition from manual to automatic instruments.

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“…At German climate reference stations, manual and automatic measurement instruments are operated in parallel and can therefore be directly compared. Kaspar et al (2016) analyzed temperature measurements with the result of only minor differences in the comparison of manual and automatic observations at the traditional observing times (06:30 UTC,13:30 UTC and 20:30 UTC). The analysis of daily maximum temperature revealed an annual cycle in the time series of the differences with warmer automatically measured temperature maxima in summer at some stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the impact of automatization using parallel daily mean temperature series including breakpoint detection and homogenization

Hannak

Friedrich

Imbery

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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High-quality time series of meteorological observations are required for reliable assessments of climate trends. To analyze inhomogeneities in time series, parallel measurements can be used. Germany's national meteorological service DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst) operates a network of climate reference stations. At these stations, manual and automatic observations have been taken in parallel. These parallel measurements therefore allow analyzing the impact of the transition on the homogeneity of time series of several meteorological parameters. Here, we present results for temperature. The differences between automatic and manual measurements are tested on breakpoints caused by instrumental defects or changes in the measurement conditions. The time series are highly correlated such that small breaks can be identified. The detected breakpoints are verified against metadata if available. In the case of no available metadata information, a procedure is suggested to identify the inhomogeneous time series (manual or automatic time series). Afterwards, the time series are homogenized. The homogenized time series are used to analyze the impact of changing the observing system from manual to automatic measurements on daily mean temperature.

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Climate reference stations in Germany: Status, parallel measurements and homogeneity of temperature time series

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Interactive open access to climate observations from Germany

Interactive open access to climate observations from Germany

Comparison of manual and automatic daily sunshine duration measurements at German climate reference stations

Analyzing the impact of automatization using parallel daily mean temperature series including breakpoint detection and homogenization

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