Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability

Ray, D. K.; Gerber, James; MacDonald, Graham K.; West, Paul

doi:10.1038/ncomms6989

Cited by 1,443 publications

(970 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The climate is changing with increased and unprecedented concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the environment (47) and recent significant temperature rises along with increased and more severe occurrences of extreme weather events (48) . These climate change measures can have adverse effects on food yield (49,50) , quality (51,52) , micronutrient (53) and macronutrient (54) composition, and safety (55) . These adverse effects on the food supply can, in turn, affect food security and PHN.…”

Section: Environment Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets

Lawrence

Friel

Wingrove

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To develop a policy formulation tool for strategically informing food and nutrition policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets (HSD). Design: A policy formulation tool consisting of two complementary components was developed. First, a conceptual framework of the environment-public health nutrition relationship was constructed to characterise and conceptualise the food system problem. Second, an 'Orders of Food Systems Change' schema drawing on systems dynamics thinking was developed to identify, assess and propose policy options to redesign food systems. Setting: Food and nutrition policy activities to promote HSD have been politicised, fragmented and lacking a coherent conceptual and strategic focus to tackle complex food system challenges. Results: The tool's conceptual framework component comprises three integrated dimensions: (i) a structure built around the environment and public health nutrition relationship that is mediated via the food system; (ii) internal mechanisms that operate through system dynamics; and (iii) external interactions that frame its nature and a scope within ecological parameters. The accompanying schema is structured around three orders of change distinguished by contrasting ideological perspectives on the type and extent of change needed to 'solve' the HSD problem. Conclusions: The conceptual framework's systems analysis of the environmentpublic health nutrition relationship sets out the food system challenges for HSD. The schema helps account for political realities in policy making and is a key link to operationalise the framework's concepts to actions aimed at redesigning food systems. In combination they provide a policy formulation tool to strategically inform policy activities to redesign food systems and promote HSD.

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Section: Environment Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets

Lawrence

Friel

Wingrove

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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“…A total of 25-38 % of the variation in rice yield in Brazil is explained by intra-and inter-region climatic variability (Ray et al 2015). Climatic factors such as photoperiod, solar radiation and air temperature directly affect rice yield (Acreche et al 2009, Van Oort et al 2011.…”

Section: Palavras-chavementioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and morphophysiological indices of irrigated rice genotypes in contrasting ecosystems1

Santos

Zanon

Cuadra

et al. 2017

Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.

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Rice phenology and development are events controlled by environmental and genetic factors, and the yield potential of the crop is defined by their interaction. This study aimed at analyzing the performance of irrigated rice genotypes in contrasting ecosystems and their effects on morphophysiological characteristics. Two ecosystems (tropical and subtropical) were analyzed, as well as cultivars recommended for tropical (BRS Catiana and BRS Jaçanã) and subtropical (BRS Pampa, BRS 7 Taim and IRGA 424) regions. The experiments were arranged in a complete randomized block design, with four replicates, being the factors the genotypes, sowing times and sites. The phenological development, biomass dynamics, radiation use efficiency and grain yield were evaluated. The accumulated degree-days demand for flowering decreased faster in the tropical ecosystem than in the subtropical ecosystem for late sowing. The radiation use efficiency values were similar in the subtropical ecosystem and yield was high for all sowing dates. On the other hand, the tropical ecosystem showed a high variation for radiation use efficiency values and yield. The higher accumulation of degree-days and solar radiation during the reproductive and grain-filling phases contributed to increase yield in both ecosystems.

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“…For example, global agricultural production, even with contemporary technological advancement, entails a substantial amount of crop yield variability, which is largely due to climate variations (Kahsay & Hansen, 2016;Ray, Gerber, MacDonald, & West, 2015;Urban, Roberts, Schlenker, & Lobell, 2012;Wheeler & von Braun, 2013). The recent surge in demand for biofuel has made such production variability even more pronounced, as several studies on inter-annual variations in corn stover supply for the US suggest (Golecha & Gan, 2016;Thompson, Meyer, & Westhoff, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility and Sustainability: A Computational Model of African Pastoralists

Sakamoto¹

2016

JMS

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This article offers a simple computational model of mobile pastoralists. Employing an agent-based modeling (ABM) approach, the model explicitly simulates the movement patterns of pastoralists and computes the resultant natural resource access for a landscape that shows the typically unpredictable dynamics of African rangeland ecology. Extensive simulations reveal a striking level of efficiency in the exploitation of resource endowments that mobile pastoralists can achieve in otherwise inhospitable environments. The simulations also illuminate the serious welfare consequences of the disruption of pastoral mobility under tight land constraints. These quantitative results are consistent with the rich qualitative evidence from the empirical literature on African pastoralism. Moreover, the article reports on several sets of 'policy experiments' that evaluate the effect of rangeland interventions on the mobility and livelihoods of pastoralists. These endeavors will pave the way for empirically richer and more policy-relevant analyses of dryland pastoralism.

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Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability

Cited by 1,443 publications

References 69 publications

Formulating policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets

Formulating policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets

Yield and morphophysiological indices of irrigated rice genotypes in contrasting ecosystems1

Mobility and Sustainability: A Computational Model of African Pastoralists

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