Climate Variation in the Thar Desert Since the Last Glacial Maximum and Evaluation of the Indian Monsoon

Roy, Priyadarsi D.; Singhvi, A. K.

doi:10.1016/j.recqb.2016.02.004

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…S6 ). The drying of lakes in the Thar Desert thus exhibit a diachronous pattern of east-west drying following the modern precipitation gradient 37 (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus Civilization in northwest India

Dixit

Hodell

Giesche

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Today the desert margins of northwest India are dry and unable to support large populations, but were densely occupied by the populations of the Indus Civilization during the middle to late Holocene. The hydroclimatic conditions under which Indus urbanization took place, which was marked by a period of expanded settlement into the Thar Desert margins, remains poorly understood. We measured the isotopic values (δ18O and δD) of gypsum hydration water in paleolake Karsandi sediments in northern Rajasthan to infer past changes in lake hydrology, which is sensitive to changing amounts of precipitation and evaporation. Our record reveals that relatively wet conditions prevailed at the northern edge of Rajasthan from ~5.1 ± 0.2 ka BP, during the beginning of the agricultural-based Early Harappan phase of the Indus Civilization. Monsoon rainfall intensified further between 5.0 and 4.4 ka BP, during the period when Indus urban centres developed in the western Thar Desert margin and on the plains of Haryana to its north. Drier conditions set in sometime after 4.4 ka BP, and by ~3.9 ka BP an eastward shift of populations had occurred. Our findings provide evidence that climate change was associated with both the expansion and contraction of Indus urbanism along the desert margin in northwest India.

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“…S6 ). The drying of lakes in the Thar Desert thus exhibit a diachronous pattern of east-west drying following the modern precipitation gradient 37 (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus Civilization in northwest India

Dixit

Hodell

Giesche

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…It is possible that the wet events indicated by a major shift in the magnitude of the sediment data in our record are associated with the commencement of the early Holocene intensification of summer monsoons, although our age control is insufficient to constrain their timing within a period of possible unconformity. A relatively high percentage of pollen of Garcinia talbotii , Hopea ponga , and Humboldtia sp., coupled with a decline in drought-resistant taxa like Annonaceae and incursion of Chlorophyton , Vernonia travancoria , Impatiens , and Villebrunea integrifolia interspersed among rainforest tree taxa, indicates rainforests of low diversity occurred in and around the periphery of the Parsons Valley Lake as a result of intense precipitation during the very early Holocene period when summer insolation was the highest (Roy and Singhvi, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India

et al. 2018

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A multiproxy study involving sedimentology, palynology, radiocarbon dating, stable isotopes, and geochemistry was carried out on the Parsons Valley Lake deposit, Nilgiris, India, to determine palaeoclimatic fluctuations and their possible impact on vegetation since the late Pleistocene. The 72-cm-deep sediment core that was retrieved reveals five distinct palaeoclimatic phases: (1) Warm and humid conditions with a high lake stand before the last glacial maximum (LGM; ~29,800 cal yr BP), subsequently changing to a relatively cool and dry phase during the LGM. (2) Considerable dry conditions and lower precipitation occurred between ~16,300 and 9500 cal yr BP. During this period, the vegetation shrank and perhaps was confined to moister pockets or was a riparian forest cover. (3) An outbreak in the shift of monsoonal precipitation was witnessed in the beginning of the mid-Holocene, around 8400 cal yr BP, implying alteration in the shift toward warm and humid conditions, resulting in relatively high pollen abundance for evergreen taxa. (4) This phase exhibits a shift to heavier δ13C values around ~1850 cal yr BP, with an emergence of moist deciduous plants pointing to drier conditions. (5) Human activities contributed to the exceedingly high percentage ofAcaciaandPinuspollen during the Little Ice Age.

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“…The presence of consecutive hot spots for yield in the northern India suggests less acceleration of yield improvement occurring there, similar observations on changes in wheat yield was made by Tripathi and Mishra, 2017;Sendhil et al, 2018 andAsseng et al, 2017), probably as a result of transformation to new settlements as a consequence of an intensifying rural complex due to NCR's fast increasing population (Statistical Abstracts of Delhi (SAD), 2014). Similarly the new cold spot appearance in the northern Gujarat and western Rajasthan for wheat crop area, coincides with the saline water intrusions and the presence of arid desert (Roy et al 2016) respectively. Our result on cold spot for wheat yield increase in southern India is consistent with the observation that high temperatures already limit wheat production in southern India (Trethowan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Investigations Using Emerging Hot Spotmentioning

confidence: 68%

Spatio-Temporal Changes in Wheat Crop Cultivation in India

Krishnan

Aggarwal

Mridha

et al. 2019

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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This study was conducted to understand the changes in spatiotemporal characteristics of wheat crop production including the changes in area and yield. We employed the emerging hot and cold spot analysis along with space time cube and space-time cluster density analysis to study the spatial changes in wheat crop production, area and yield, and understand the changes in spatiotemporal features. We made a comprehensive analysis of the changes in wheat crop production, area and yield on pan India basis for the period from 1999 to 2015. The major findings were: (a) During the study period significant increase in wheat yield occurred within the North Indian states of Punjab and Haryana and intensifying hot spots appeared within the Indo-Gangetic plains. (b) The Analysis of the area under wheat cultivation showed a persistent hot spot in the Northern states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana, with new hot spots observed in the regions of Central India during the years 2014 and 2015. (d) The analysis of the wheat crop production showed significant new cold spots in Rajasthan and Gujarat, with intensifying hotspots emanating into the lower delta regions of Ganges. Present study also revealed the potential of GIS based data models when related with additional background information, to segregate the most significant clusters of changes (increase / decrease) happening over active wheat crop cultivation. We expect the results from this study to help in increasing the wheat crop yield and production in the future.

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Climate Variation in the Thar Desert Since the Last Glacial Maximum and Evaluation of the Indian Monsoon

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus Civilization in northwest India

Intensified summer monsoon and the urbanization of Indus Civilization in northwest India

Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India

Spatio-Temporal Changes in Wheat Crop Cultivation in India

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