Climatic effects on breeding grounds are more important drivers of breeding phenology in migrant birds than carry-over effects from wintering grounds

Ockendon, Nancy; Leech, David I.; Pearce‐Higgins, James W.

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2013.0669

Cited by 71 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, like this study, these did not take into account conditions experienced at the breeding grounds. As breeding performance is likely to be influenced primarily by timing of arrival and local conditions at the breeding site (Gienapp and Bregnballe 2012;Norris et al 2004;Ockendon et al 2013), we recommend taking these factors into account in future studies within this field. In addition, we recognise that the sample size in this study may not have been large enough to detect a difference in breeding performance, thus causing a Type II error.…”

Section: Breeding Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Combining direct and indirect tracking techniques to assess the impact of sub-Saharan conditions on cross-continental songbird migration

et al. 2016

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Understanding how events throughout the annual cycle interact to influence individual fitness and hence population dynamics is crucial to optimize conservation strategies for migratory birds. Despite major advancements in technology, direct tracking devices for passerine songbirds are still limited by the need for recapturing tagged individuals. Stable-isotope analysis of bird tissue has the opportunity to supply information on a larger number of individuals, although it is limited by the indirect knowledge of the geographical position of the birds. In this study, we provide a first attempt to combine annual spatio-temporal data achieved from direct tracking with information on local environmental conditions by using stable isotopes (d 13 C and d 15 N). We use this approach to investigate if environmental conditions at the wintering area in southern Africa influence timing of spring migration and carry-over to affect breeding performance in a long-distance migratory passerine bird, the Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio). We found that individuals wintering in relatively moist conditions (depleted in d 13 C) and at lower latitudes (closer to the breeding grounds) departed later on spring migration than individuals in more xeric habitats. However, the effect of non-breeding area conditions and latitude were not found at subsequent migration stages and late departing individuals spent fewer days on migration towards the breeding grounds. Although conditions in the non-breeding range have previously been suggested to influence population fluctuations in Redbacked Shrikes, we found no evidence of a carry-over effect on breeding performance. This study highlights the potential of combining different approaches when investigating seasonal interactions in migratory animals.

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Section: Breeding Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Combining direct and indirect tracking techniques to assess the impact of sub-Saharan conditions on cross-continental songbird migration

et al. 2016

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“…We investigated long‐term changes in the timing of breeding and seasonal variation in the reproductive traits of three migratory shorebird species, western sandpipers Calidris mauri , semipalmated sandpipers C. pusilla , and red‐necked phalaropes Phalaropus lobatus , between two study periods that spanned two decades. Timing of clutch initiation is often predicted with the temperature conditions experienced immediately before and during the egg‐laying stage (Crick & Sparks, 1999; Ockendon, Leech, & Pearce‐Higgins, 2013). We first tested whether (1) the timing of clutch initiation correlates with the spring temperature during prelaying or laying stages on site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed egg‐laying and shortened incubation duration of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds coincide with climate cooling

Kwon

English

Weiser

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Biological impacts of climate change are exemplified by shifts in phenology. As the timing of breeding advances, the within‐season relationships between timing of breeding and reproductive traits may change and cause long‐term changes in the population mean value of reproductive traits. We investigated long‐term changes in the timing of breeding and within‐season patterns of clutch size, egg volume, incubation duration, and daily nest survival of three shorebird species between two decades. Based on previously known within‐season patterns and assuming a warming trend, we hypothesized that the timing of clutch initiation would advance between decades and would be coupled with increases in mean clutch size, egg volume, and daily nest survival rate. We monitored 1,378 nests of western sandpipers, semipalmated sandpipers, and red‐necked phalaropes at a subarctic site during 1993–1996 and 2010–2014. Sandpipers have biparental incubation, whereas phalaropes have uniparental incubation. We found an unexpected long‐term cooling trend during the early part of the breeding season. Three species delayed clutch initiation by 5 days in the 2010s relative to the 1990s. Clutch size and daily nest survival showed strong within‐season declines in sandpipers, but not in phalaropes. Egg volume showed strong within‐season declines in one species of sandpiper, but increased in phalaropes. Despite the within‐season patterns in traits and shifts in phenology, clutch size, egg volume, and daily nest survival were similar between decades. In contrast, incubation duration did not show within‐season variation, but decreased by 2 days in sandpipers and increased by 2 days in phalaropes. Shorebirds demonstrated variable breeding phenology and incubation duration in relation to climate cooling, but little change in nonphenological components of traits. Our results indicate that the breeding phenology of shorebirds is closely associated with the temperature conditions on breeding ground, the effects of which can vary among reproductive traits and among sympatric species.

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“…Of the 72 species for which we were able to analyse FPBA over the period 1966-2012, 44 demonstrated statistically significant long-term trends in breeding success (Table I) There is increasing evidence that lower trophic levels are responding to climatic change more rapidly than secondary and tertiary consumers (Root et al 2003, Parmesan & Yohe 2003, Visser & Both 2005, Thackeray et al 2010. Resulting mismatches in the timing of food availability and of offspring food demand, referred to as phenological disjunction, can have severe impacts on breeding success.…”

Section: Long-term Productivity Trendsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, Blackbird has undergone a significant decline of <25%. Changes in forest management and agricultural practice have been implicated in Blackbird, Song Thrush, Dunnock and Reed Bunting declines (Fuller et al 1995, Peach et al 1999, Newton 2004. The factors responsible for the declines of Willow Tit and Willow Warbler populations have yet to be established fully, although regional differences in productivity, higher in Scotland Table C.…”

Section: Long-term Trendsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…CES has identified long-term increases in population size for three resident species (Cetti's Warbler, Goldfinch and Wren). Cetti's Warbler and Wren are known to be susceptible to severe winter weather (Cawthorne & Marchant 1980, Peach et al 1995, Robinson et al 2007, suggesting that warmer conditions may have reduced mortality rates. Increases in the abundance of Goldfinch and Wren are also apparent in the CBC/BBS trends.…”

Section: Long-term Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bird ringing and nest recording in Britain and Ireland in 2013

Walker

Robinson

Leech

et al. 2014

Ringing & Migration

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This is the 77 th annual report of the British Trust for Ornithology's Ringing Scheme, incorporating the report of the Nest Record Scheme and covering work carried out and data processed in 2013.In recent years the schemes have focused on the collection of demographic data as part of our Integrated Population Monitoring programme. We expanded (from 10 to 17) the number of species for which we were able to construct integrated models and identified differences in the relative contributions of recruitment and adult survival to population change between increasing and decreasing species.Recruitment of young into the breeding population can be difficult to estimate. We investigated the use of proportions of birds in their second calendar year, or older, caught in the early summer using Blackbird Turdus merula as a model. Results showed that recruitment was a more important determinant of population change than survival.Changes in phenology are being documented widely and we carried out analyses looking at the timing of moult and reproduction in selected passerine species. Patterns in timing and duration of moult varied between resident species but were more aligned within migrant species, which also moulted faster. Temperature on spring breeding grounds accounts for more variation between years in breeding phenology than precipitation rates on the wintering grounds in 19 migrant species but neither climate variable affected clutch size.We continued to emphasise the value of targeted ringing and nest recording; increased participation in our structured ringing schemes has provided additional opportunities to improve the quality of demographic monitoring. Long-term (1984Long-term ( -2012 population trends derived from the Constant Effort Sites (CES) data have changed little in the past year. Three of the eight migrant species monitored by CES showed significant increases in productivity compared to the five-year average, although Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus recorded its second-lowest productivity since CES began in 1983. Breeding performance of residents was mixed, with juvenile:adult ratios for some early breeders significantly lower than during the preceding five years, but significantly higher for some late breeders; one late-breeding resident species, Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula, had its highest productivity since CES began. Data were submitted for 124 sites.The number of active RAS projects in 2013 was 154, with 22 new projects, 13 of which involved RAS target species. The total number of birds ringed in 2013 decreased slightly (952,750) compared to 2012 and comprised 424,401 first-year birds, 355,278 adults (birds in their second calendar year or older), 19,776 unaged birds and 153,295 nestlings. In addition, there were 241,111 recaptures of ringed birds at or near the ringing site. The reduction in numbers ringed compared to 2012 was probably a result of weather events in 2013.In 2013, there were 465 colour-marking projects registered, covering a total of 110 species; 65 new projects were registered...

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Climatic effects on breeding grounds are more important drivers of breeding phenology in migrant birds than carry-over effects from wintering grounds

Cited by 71 publications

References 22 publications

Combining direct and indirect tracking techniques to assess the impact of sub-Saharan conditions on cross-continental songbird migration

Combining direct and indirect tracking techniques to assess the impact of sub-Saharan conditions on cross-continental songbird migration

Delayed egg‐laying and shortened incubation duration of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds coincide with climate cooling

Bird ringing and nest recording in Britain and Ireland in 2013

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