Climatology of nutrient distributions in the South China Sea based on a large data set derived from a new algorithm

Du, Chuanjun; He, Ruoying; Liu, Zhiyu; Huang, Tao; Wang, Lifang; Yuan, Zhongwei; Xu, Yujin; Wang, Zhe; Dai, Minhan

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2021.102586

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Furthermore, the negative effects of SA are particularly significant when nutrients are limited (Li et al, 2018). The nutrient levels in the basin are usually lower than on the shelf (Yuan et al, 2011;Lu et al, 2020;Du et al, 2021), which may exacerbate the negative effects of SA in the basin zone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity between coastal and offshore surface waters in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to short-term seawater acidification

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Seawater acidification (SA) has been documented to either inhibit, enhance, or result in no effect on marine primary productivity (PP). In order to examine the effects of SA in changing environments, we investigated the influences of SA (a decrease of 0.4 pHtotal units with corresponding CO2 concentrations in the range of 22.0–39.7 µM) on PP through deck-incubation experiments at 101 stations in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea, including the continental shelf and slope, as well as the deep-water basin. The daily primary productivities in surface seawater under incident solar radiation ranged from 17–306 µg C (µg Chl a)−1 d−1, with the responses of PP to SA being region-dependent and the SA-induced changes varying from −88 % (inhibition) to 57 % (enhancement). The SA treatment stimulated PP in surface waters of coastal, estuarine, and shelf waters but suppressed it in the South China Sea basin. Such SA-induced changes in PP were significantly related to in situ pH and solar radiation in surface seawater but negatively related to salinity changes. Our results indicate that phytoplankton cells are more vulnerable to a pH drop in oligotrophic waters. Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity in different areas suggest that SA impacts on marine primary productivity are region-dependent and regulated by local environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity between coastal and offshore surface waters in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to short-term seawater acidification

et al. 2022

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“…No obvious dynamical processes are evident in region NW except for southwesterly wind mixing, and the seasonality of light and nutrients is the decisive factor affecting the seasonality of NPP. Recent results (Du et al, 2021) show that nutrients exhibit a gradational distribution from the northwest to the southeast in summer, with a maximum value (up to 7.0 mmol L -1 at 0 to 50 m) in the northwestern SCS and a nutricline depth of approximately 20 m. Meanwhile, higher SST and a shallower MLD in summer contribute to reduction in CHL concentration in this region. In region NW, owing to oligotrophic environmental conditions, the effect of lower CHL concentration on NPP is not directly positively correlated, but it is affected by light penetration (Lee et al, 2005).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Regional Differences In Npp Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The obvious difference between region CB and region NW is the vertical distribution of nutrients (Du et al, 2021). In region CB, the annual nutricline depth is >60 m, where available light is almost dissipated.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Regional Differences In Npp Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal variability of satellite-derived primary production in the South China Sea from an absorption-based model

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Seasonal patterns of marine net primary production (NPP) are crucial for understanding the marine ecosystem and biogeochemical cycles. Uncoupling of seasonal variations between NPP and phytoplankton chlorophyll-a over different areas has attracted much attention. In this study, following a review of previous studies, monthly climatological NPP data from 2003 to 2020, estimated using the Size-fractioned Phytoplankton Pigment Absorption (aph)-based NPP Model (SABPM), were selected to study the seasonal variability of NPP in the South China Sea (SCS). Results showed the spatial differences of NPP seasonality and its departures from climatology in extreme El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years. Cluster analysis for climatological monthly data identified significant differences of NPP seasonality in five typical regions. In coastal regions along the northern SCS and off eastern Vietnam, NPP exhibited the most obvious seasonal cycle with maximum (minimum) values in summer (winter), attributable mainly to river discharge and summer upwelling. In regions off northwestern Luzon and coast of southern SCS, NPP showed peaks in winter, which were related to strong mixing and upwelling. In northwestern SCS, NPP was high during May–September in phase with sea surface temperature and the primary controlling factors were found to be shallow nutricline depth and wind-driven mixing. Owing to the deep nutricline depth in the central basin, NPP exhibited little seasonal variability; only a weak signal was observed in spring in phase with photosynthetically active radiation. Local dynamics on regulating the nutrient supply and light availability contribute to these regional differences in NPP seasonality, which could also be affected by extreme climate events. The largest anomalies of the NPP seasonal cycle coincide with 2015/2016 ENSO and super IOD in 2020. During these events, enhanced (weakened) westerly winds caused fall (rise) of SLA and increase (decrease) of NPP in coastal regions along the northern SCS and that off eastern Vietnam. Overall, the aph-based model shows a new perspective to study the spatiotemporal variations of NPP in the SCS.

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“…The potential impacts of Kuroshio intrusion on hydrodynamic conditions and physical-chemical processes in the NESCS have been extensively studied. Previous studies have indicated that intrusion of the nutrient-depleted Kuroshio substantially dilutes the nutrient stock in the upper ocean (Du et al, 2013(Du et al, , 2021. Kuroshio intrusion influences biogeochemical processes in the euphotic zone by enhancing ammonia oxidation (Xu et al, 2018), the nitrogen fixation rate (Liu et al, 2020;Lu et al, 2019), the carbon cycle (Du et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2015), and microbial loop efficiency (Huang et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

The Kuroshio is the northward branch of the Pacific North Equatorial Current, which plays a disproportionately significant role in ocean circulation of the Subtropical Gyre (Nan et al, 2015). It is generally characterized by high temperature, salinity, and low nutrient fluxes (Du et al, 2013(Du et al, , 2021Wang et al, 2021). The northward-flowing Kuroshio often intrudes westward into the Pacific-Asian marginal seas (South and East China Seas;Cui et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2017).

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton Community Patterns in the Northeastern South China Sea: Implications of Intensified Kuroshio Intrusion During the 2015/16 El Niño

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

JGR Oceans

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Kuroshio intrusion into the South China Sea (SCS) varies seasonally and interannually under different climatic conditions. To characterize the intensity of the climate‐driven Kuroshio intrusion and its impact on the phytoplankton community in the northeastern South China Sea (NESCS), two cruises were conducted during the 2015/16 El Niño event. In situ observations and remote sensing data showed that the Kuroshio strongly intruded into the SCS in both summer and winter. The summer phytoplankton community was dominated by cyanobacteria (Trichodesmium erythraeum), associated with high surface temperature, shallower mixed layer depth, and low nutrient concentrations. The winter phytoplankton community was mainly dominated by cosmopolitan diatoms (Thalassiosira diporocyclus, Thalassionema nitzschioides, and Chaetoceros socialis), associated with low surface temperature, deeper mixed layers, and relatively higher nutrient concentrations. Meanwhile, the elevated abundance of T. erythraeum coupled well with the Kuroshio intrusion index during the El Niño summer. The phytoplankton network was unstable in summer but not in winter, induced by the Kuroshio intrusion. Our findings show that intensified Kuroshio intrusion during the El Niño event was a vital driving force for reshaping phytoplankton community dynamics of the NESCS through lateral advection and affecting temperature, mixed layer depth, and nutrient supply.

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Climatology of nutrient distributions in the South China Sea based on a large data set derived from a new algorithm

Cited by 14 publications

References 72 publications

Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity between coastal and offshore surface waters in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to short-term seawater acidification

Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity between coastal and offshore surface waters in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to short-term seawater acidification

Seasonal variability of satellite-derived primary production in the South China Sea from an absorption-based model

Phytoplankton Community Patterns in the Northeastern South China Sea: Implications of Intensified Kuroshio Intrusion During the 2015/16 El Niño

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