Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Cambrea, Simona Claudia; Marcu, Eugenia Andreea; Cucli, Elena; Badiu, Diana; Penciu, Roxana Cleopatra; Petcu, Cristian Lucian; Dumea, Elena; Halichidis, Stela; Pazara, Loredana; Mihai, Cristina Maria; Dumitrescu, Florentina

doi:10.3390/medicina58020275

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The staff at our clinic continues to improve the healthcare provided to HIV-infected patients, especially the women of childbearing age, to allow them the chance to have a healthy child [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Our study shows that there were no differences in the sex of the newborns between the Constanta and Craiova RCs, with more than 50% being boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Growth Restriction and Clinical Parameters of Newborns from HIV-Infected Romanian Women

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: The present study assessed the fetal growth restriction and clinical parameters of both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and HIV-positive newborns from HIV-infected mothers in two HIV-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome regional centers (RCs) in Constanta and Craiova, Romania, in order to evaluate the adverse birth-related outcomes. Materials and Methods: These represent a retrospective study conducted between 2008 and 2019, in which 408 pregnant HIV-positive women, 244 from Constanta RC and 164 from Craiova RC, were eligible to participate in the study. Consecutive singleton pregnancies delivered beyond 24 weeks of pregnancy were included. Growth restriction in newborns was defined as the birth weight (BW) being less than the third percentile, or three out of the following: BW < 10th percentile; head circumference (HC) < 10th percentile; birth length (BL) < 10th percentile; prenatal diagnosis of fetal growth restriction; and maternal pregnancy information. Of the 244 newborns delivered in Constanta, RC, 17 were HIV-positive, while in Craiova, RC, of the 164 newborns, 9 were HIV-positive. All HIV-positive women were on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) during pregnancy, similar to all HIV-positive newborns who received ARTs for the first six weeks. We search for the influence of anthropometrical parameters (i.e., HC, BL, and BW), as well as clinical parameters (i.e., newborn sex and Apgar score) for both HIV-negative and HIV-positive newborns, along with the survival rate of HIV-positive newborns. Results: There were no differences in the sex of the newborns within either group, with more than 50% being boys. Similarly, the Apgar score did not show any statistically significant values between the two groups (i.e., p = 0.544 for HIV-positive newborns vs. p = 0.108 for HIV-negative newborns). Interestingly, our results showed that in Craiova, RC, there was a chance of 2.16 to find an HIV-negative newborn with an HC < 10th percentile and a 2.54 chance to find an HIV-negative newborn with a BL < 10th percentile compared to Constanta, RC, without any significant differences. On the contrary, Constanta, RC, represented a higher risk of death (i.e., 3.049 times, p = 0.0470) for HIV-positive newborns compared to Craiova, RC. Conclusions: Our results support the idea that follow-up of fetal growth restriction should be part of postnatal care in this high-risk population to improve adverse birth-related outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Growth Restriction and Clinical Parameters of Newborns from HIV-Infected Romanian Women

et al. 2023

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“…Na questão da mortalidade materna, o HIV foi responsável por cerca de 10% de todas as mortes maternas no globo, com maioria delas na África subsaariana. A mortalidade perinatal nas GVHIV é até 10 vezes maior em relação a aquelas que não vivem com HIV, mortes que seriam evitáveis com TARV oportuna e tratamento das doenças oportunistas ocorridas na aids (Cambrea et al, 2022).…”

Section: De Acordo Comunclassified

As complicações geradas pelo HIV/AIDS na gestação: Uma revisão integrativa

Lisboa,

Remor,

Lobato

et al. 2024

RSD

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Objetivo: Descrever as principais complicações gestacionais apresentadas por grávidas que vivem com HIV/aids. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura, do tipo integrativa, com caráter descritivo, construído a partir de base de dados científicas (PubMed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde -BVS). Foram considerados critérios de inclusão: estudos relacionados às consequências/complicações de gestante vivendo com HIV, disponíveis em texto completo gratuito, publicados entre 2018 e 2022. Foram excluídos: trabalhos duplicados, fora do período em questão, com texto completo indisponível e inadequados após a leitura. Resultados: Após triagem adequada dos 736 artigos encontrados, foram selecionados 11 estudos para análise. Estes foram dispostos em uma tabela com ano, título, autores, objetivos e resultados principais. Sua análise crítica permitiu compreender complicações associadas ao HIV em grávidas, como: mortalidade materna, mortalidade fetal, baixo peso ao nascer neonatal, parto prematuro, maior risco de cesárea, entre outros. Conclusão: Aferiu-se que tais complicações tornam a presença da infecção no período gravídico um problema de saúde pública, que carece de acompanhamento pré-natal adequado com fim de evitar tais intercorrências para mãe e bebê.

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“…CMV has a global distribution and can be a significant concern in organ transplantation, cardiac interventions, and blood transfusions, especially for immunodeficient individuals [ 6 , 7 ], requiring serological screening [ 8 ]. The virus’s prevalence is widespread, as 24.6–81.0% of healthy individuals show positive anti-CMV IgG antibodies, and congenital CMV infection has a global prevalence of 0.5–5% from live births [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Anti-Cytomegalovirus Antibodies in Pregnant Women from South-West Romania

Radoi,

Zlatian,

Balasoiu

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV), in addition to other agents, is part of the TORCH complex (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex viruses, and other agents). CMV infection is the most frequent cause of congenital malformations. This study aimed to establish the variation of prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in pregnant women from the South-West region of Romania, according to demographic factors, such as age and area of residence, in two separate time periods (2013–2016 and 2019–2022). We collected from the hospital records the age, place of residence, and anti-CMV antibody test results using immune electrochemiluminescence and chemiluminescence. This study found that the seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgM antibodies increased slightly from 2013–2016 to 2019–2022, from 1.92% to 2.26%, and for IgG antibodies from 93.68% to 94.96%. In both groups was observed a descending trend of anti-CMV IgM seroprevalence with an increase in age, showing a decrease in seroprevalence from 3.57% to 1.09% in pregnant women from rural areas in the 31–35 years age group, while in urban areas, we observed a decrease in seroprevalence from 11.11% to 3.06% in the <20 years age group. The IgG seroprevalence showed an increase both in rural areas (from 93.97% to 95.52%) and urban areas (from 93.52% to 94.27%). In both groups, seroprevalence was higher in rural areas compared to urban regions. These results show a high rate of immunization against CMV in pregnant women in South-West Romania, which led to a low risk of acquiring the primary infection during pregnancy. However, the increase in the rate of primary CMV infections in pregnancy suggests the need for prioritizing screening programs and improving the existing protocols to enhance maternal and child healthcare.

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Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Fetal Growth Restriction and Clinical Parameters of Newborns from HIV-Infected Romanian Women

Fetal Growth Restriction and Clinical Parameters of Newborns from HIV-Infected Romanian Women

As complicações geradas pelo HIV/AIDS na gestação: Uma revisão integrativa

Seroprevalence of Anti-Cytomegalovirus Antibodies in Pregnant Women from South-West Romania

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