Clinical and Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases' Serological Markers in Children (Literature Review)

Abstract

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is increasing worldwide. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are characterized by chronic progressive course, high frequency of complications, and high risk of surgical treatment. Up to 50% of CD patients die due to its complications, and quarter of these patients require at least one surgery during their lifetime. IBD patients have 8 times higher risk of colorectal and small intestine cancer. IBD diagnosis can be established during childhood in 25% of cases. Early intensified therapy of individual patient groups could significantly reduce complications and surgical treatment rates. However, nowadays there are no reliable prognostic criteria for the unfavorable course of IBD. The aim of this review is to define the most studied IBD serological markers and to evaluate immune reactivation role in CD and UC course in children.