Clinical and hematologic presentations of adults with COVID-19 patients in Jeddah: A case control study

Kamel, Fatemah O.; Magadmi, Rania; Alqutub, Sulafa; Badawi, Maha; Al-Sayes, Fatin; Madni, Tariq A.; Alhothali, Areej; Abozinadah, Ehab; Adam, Soheir

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2021.03.007

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Another study from Oman showed that the mean age of the 63 patients was 48 years [ 22 ]. Most of our patients were men, which is consistent with previous studies [ 19 , 20 , 23 ]. This suggests that SARS-COV-2 is more likely to infect males, as sex hormones in females may play a protective role in fighting viral infections via innate and adaptive immunity [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Damiati

Bahlas

Aljohaney

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Background The current coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is characterized by atypical pneumonia, mild colds, and more severe illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory distress, thrombosis, organ failure, and various secondary bacterial and fungal infections. Notably, the severity of COVID-19 in different age groups is not well known, and the validity of clinical laboratory data remains unclear. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we examined differential regulation of clinical, hematologic, and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. We divided 104 COVID-19 patients into five different groups according to age (0-17, 18-45, 46-65, 66-79, and >80 years). Baseline data (sex, comorbidities, intensive care admission, and medications), hematologic markers, liver, and renal function tests, coagulation, and inflammatory markers were examined in these groups. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal threshold for predicting COVID-19 biological markers. Results We found that the highest percentage (45%) of COVID-19 patients was in the age group of 46-65 years. The hematologic parameters (WBC, HB, and PLT) were normal between the patient groups. The area under the curve in ROC analysis showed significant differences in the levels of creatine, GGT, BUN, CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, AST, and procalcitonin between the patients of age groups 46-65 and 66-79 years. Renal biomarkers were significantly high in most patients, regardless of age. In contrast, the liver biomarkers, did not differ significantly between patient groups. Conclusion The main finding of our study is that laboratory parameters such as GGT, creatinine, BUN, CRP, procalcitonin, ferritin and D-dimer were differentially regulated in COVID -19 patients of different age groups. Importantly, these laboratory parameters may help as clinical predictors to assess the severity of the disease in the population. We conclude here that age is an important factor influencing COVID-19 severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This suggests that SARS-COV-2 is more likely to infect males, as sex hormones in females may play a protective role in fighting viral infections via innate and adaptive immunity [ 24 ]. The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus and hypertension in COVID-19 patients, a similar finding to previous studies [ 23 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Damiati

Bahlas

Aljohaney

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…This may be because regular administration of anticoagulant drugs for treatment in severe patients decreased the levels of D-dimers in patients presumably. Similar results were obtained in studies conducted to assess on-protocol COVID-19 patients (Kamel et al, 2021;Tassiopoulos et al 2021). Apparently, due to similar reasons, the D-dimer had a highly positive significant correlation with WBC, INR, procalcitonin, and LDH.…”

Section: Laboratory Parameterssupporting

confidence: 81%

Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2 infected Pakistani Patients

Omer

Sarwar

Roman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 is a causative agent for COVI-19 disease, initially reported from Wuhan, China. Infected Patients experienced mild to severe symptoms, resulting in several fatalities due to a weak understanding of its pathogenesis, which is the same even to date. This cross-sectional study has been designed on four hundred and fifty-two symptomatic, mild-to-moderate, and severe/critical patients to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with their comorbidities and response to treatment. The mean age of studied patients was (58±14.42) years, and the overall male to female ratio was 61.7 to 38.2%, respectively. 27.3% of the patients had a history of exposure, 11.9% travel history, while for 60% of patients, the source of infection was unknown. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in ICU patients were dry coughs, myalgias, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal discomfort, and abnormal Chest X-ray (p<0.001), along with the high percentage of hypertension (p=0.007) and COPD (p=0.029) as leading comorbidities. Complete Blood Counts indicators were significantly increased in severe patients, while the Coagulation Profile and D-dimer values were significantly higher in mild-to-moderate (non-ICU) patients (p < 0.001). Serum Creatinine (1.22 umole L-1; p = 0.016) and LDH (619 umol L-1; p < 0.001) indicators were significantly high in non-ICU patients while, raised values of Total Bilirubin (0.91 umol L-1; p = 0.054), CRP (84.68 mg L-1; p = 0.001) and Ferritin (996.81 mg L-1; p < 0.001) were found in ICU patients. Drug Dexamethasone was the leading prescribed and administrated medicine to the COVID-19 patients, followed by Remdesivir, Meropenem, Heparin, and Tocilizumab, respectively. A characteristic pattern of Ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, and interlobular septal thickening were prominent in severely infected patients. These findings could be used for future research, control, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

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“…This may be because the regular administration of anticoagulant drugs for treatment in severe patients decreased the levels of D-dimers in them presumably (Mouhat et al, 2020). Similar results were obtained in studies conducted to assess on-protocol COVID-19 patients (Kamel et al, 2021;Tassiopoulos et al, 2021). Apparently, due to similar reasons, the D-dimer had a highly significant positive correlation with WBC, INR, procalcitonin, and LDH.…”

Section: Laboratory Parameterssupporting

confidence: 72%

Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Pakistani Patients

Omer

Gondal²,

Usman³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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SARS-CoV-2 is a causative agent for COVID-19 disease, initially reported from Wuhan, China. The infected patients experienced mild to severe symptoms, resulting in several fatalities due to a weak understanding of its pathogenesis, which is the same even to date. This cross-sectional study has been designed on 452 symptomatic mild-to-moderate and severe/critical patients to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with their comorbidities and response to treatment. The mean age of the studied patients was 58 ± 14.42 years, and the overall male to female ratio was 61.7 to 38.2%, respectively. In total, 27.3% of the patients had a history of exposure, and 11.9% had a travel history, while for 60% of patients, the source of infection was unknown. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in ICU patients were dry cough, myalgia, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal discomfort, and abnormal chest X-ray (p < 0.001), along with a high percentage of hypertension (p = 0.007) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.029) as leading comorbidities. The complete blood count indicators were significantly disturbed in severe patients, while the coagulation profile and D-dimer values were significantly higher in mild-to-moderate (non-ICU) patients (p < 0.001). The serum creatinine (1.22 μmol L-1; p = 0.016) and lactate dehydrogenase (619 μmol L-1; p < 0.001) indicators were significantly high in non-ICU patients, while raised values of total bilirubin (0.91 μmol L-1; p = 0.054), C-reactive protein (84.68 mg L-1; p = 0.001), and ferritin (996.81 mg L-1; p < 0.001) were found in ICU patients. The drug dexamethasone was the leading prescribed and administrated medicine to COVID-19 patients, followed by remdesivir, meropenem, heparin, and tocilizumab, respectively. A characteristic pattern of ground glass opacities, consolidation, and interlobular septal thickening was prominent in severely infected patients. These findings could be used for future research, control, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.

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Clinical and hematologic presentations of adults with COVID-19 patients in Jeddah: A case control study

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2 infected Pakistani Patients

Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Pakistani Patients

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