Clinical and Hemoglobin Profile of Malaria Patients in Karitas Hospital, Southwest Sumba, Period of Year 2017

Abstract

Malaria infections in high endemic areas are not pathognomonic and often show non-specifi c symptoms. The SouthwestSumba district is a high endemic area of malaria with the annual parasite incidence (API) of 14.48‰. The research conducted in this area was to identify the clinical and hemoglobin profi le of malaria patients and to obtain comprehensive information on the clinical characteristics of malaria in a high endemic area of Southwest Sumba district. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was obtained from the medical record of malaria patients between January 1 st and December 31 st , 2017 in Karitas Hospital, Southwest Sumba district. Inclusion criteria were patients with asexual stages of Plasmodium spp. on their Giemsa-stained thick and thin peripheral blood smears examination. Exclusion criteria were malaria patients with coexisting diseases and who had taken medication before admitted to the hospital. The total number of patients was 322 patients, 50.6% of the subjects were ≥ 15 years old and 59.3% were male. Among 322 patients, 133 subjects were treated as inpatients. The result shows that most infection was caused by a single infection of P. falciparum. The most common clinical symptom was fever (98.4%), followed by headache, vomiting, cough, and nausea. The most common physical fi nding was the axillary temperature of > 37.5°C (87.6%) followed by anemic conjunctiva and hepatomegaly, which was mostly found in pediatric patients. The number of patients with hemoglobin level ≤ 10 g/dL was 129. The MCV <80 fL was found in 79% of patients with anemia. Severe malaria was found in 116 subjects in this study according to severe malaria criteria set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Study results were consistent with other existing studies from other high endemic areas in East Nusa Tenggara province. ABSTRAK Infeksi malaria di daerah endemis tinggi seringkali tidak khas dengan keluhan klinis tidak spesifi k. Kabupaten Sumba BaratDaya merupakan daerah endemis tinggi malaria dengan annual parasite incidence (API) sebesar 14.48‰. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada daerah ini untuk mengidentifi kasi profi l klinis dan hemoglobin pasien malaria dan memperoleh informasi komprehensif mengenai karakteristik klinis malaria di kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya yang merupakan daerah endemis tinggi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode potong lintang. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien malaria dari tanggal 1 Januari sampai dengan 31 Desember 2017 di rumah sakit Karitas, kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien yang melakukan pemeriksaan hapus darah tepi tebal tipis dengan pewarnaan Giemsa dan ditemukan stadium aseksual Plasmodium spp. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien malaria dengan penyakit penyerta dan pasien yang sudah meminum obat sebelum datang ke rumah sakit. Total pasien berjumlah 322 pasien, 50.6% termasuk dalam kelompok usia ≥ 15 tahun dan 59.3% berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Dari 322 pasien, 133 pasien dirawat inap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kebanyakan infeksi mal...

The clinical–epidemiological profile of malaria patients from Southern Venezuela, a critical hotspot in Latin America

“…Malaria symptoms (fever, chills, and headache) [ 24 , 25 ] were common, and signs such as skin-mucosa pallor, jaundice, and choluria were present in all patients regardless of the parasitic species. However, in contrast with other studies reporting low back pain in 3.7% [ 26 ] or 13.3% [ 27 ] of cases, this symptom was observed in almost half of the patients evaluated in this study. Notably, 10.1% (29/287) of the patients presented hepatomegaly.…”

“…Notably, 10.1% (29/287) of the patients presented hepatomegaly. Hepatomegaly has been observed in endemic areas of Colombia (23–25%) [ 28 – 30 ], Indonesia (26.8%) [ 26 ], and previously in the Bolivar state (6.7%) [ 27 ]. The differences between Venezuela and these countries are a matter that requires additional investigation.…”