Clinical and Immunohistochemical Responses of Plantar Warts to Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone

Steen, Pieter van der; Kerkhof, Peter van de; Kinderen, Daan der; Vlijmen, I. van; Happle, Rudolf

doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1991.tb03093.x

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Additionally, we tested the involvement of TLR4 in dermatitis-induced chronic itch. Treatment with diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP) was shown to induce contact dermatitis-associated chronic itch [64]. DCP-treated WT mice exhibited robust and persistent itch for more than 2 weeks, but the development of persistent itch was compromised in Tlr4 −/− mice ( P <0.05, two-way ANOVA, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to chronic itch, alloknesis, and spinal astrocyte activation in male mice

Liu

Han

Chen

et al. 2016

Pain

120

155

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Increasing evidence suggests that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) contributes importantly to spinal cord glial activation and chronic pain sensitization; however, its unique role in acute and chronic itch is unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of TLR4 in acute and chronic itch models in male mice using both transgenic and pharmacological approaches. Tlr4−/− mice exhibited normal acute itch induced by compound 48/80 and chloroquine, but these mice showed substantial reductions in scratching in chronic itch models of dry skin, induced by acetone and diethyether followed by water (AEW), contact dermatitis, and allergic contact dermatitis on the neck. Intrathecal (spinal) inhibition of TLR4 with lipopolysaccharide Rhodobacter sphaeroides (LPS-RS) did not affect acute itch but suppressed AEW-induced chronic itch. Compound 48/80 and AEW also produced robust alloknesis, a touch-elicited itch in wild-type mice, which was suppressed by intrathecal LPS-RS and Tlr4−/− deletion. AEW induced persistent upregulation of Tlr4 mRNA and increased TLR4 expression in GFAP-expressing astrocytes in spinal cord dorsal horn. AEW also induced TLR4-dependent astrogliosis (GFAP upregulation) in spinal cord. Intrathecal injection of astroglial inhibitor L-α-aminoadipate reduced AEW-induced chronic itch and alloknesis without affecting acute itch. Spinal TLR4 was also necessary for AEW-induced chronic itch in the cheek model. Interestingly, scratching plays an essential role in spinal astrogliosis, since AEW-induced astrogliosis was abrogated by putting Elizabethan Collars on the neck to prevent scratching the itchy skin. Our findings suggest that spinal TLR4 signaling is important for spinal astrocyte activation and astrogliosis that may underlie alloknesis and chronic itch.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to chronic itch, alloknesis, and spinal astrocyte activation in male mice

Liu

Han

Chen

et al. 2016

Pain

120

155

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“…DPCP was first reported to successfully treat patients with resistant plantar warts in 198415 and since then, there have been several other reports of recalcitrant warts, including periungual warts, which were successfully treated with DPCPi8-10,16,17. It has been reported to have a high response rate, absence of scarring and painless application8,9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone Is Effective and Preferred in the Treatment of Periungual Warts

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThere exists a treatment challenge with periungual warts. Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) has recently been reported to be an effective treatment for recalcitrant warts, including periungual types.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and preference of topical immunotherapy with DPCP in treating periungual warts.MethodsTwenty-seven patients with periungual warts who were treated with DPCP immunotherapy (2007 through 2010; Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea) were retrospectively recruited. Other treatment modalities were also used in some patients. Lesions were grouped into the types according to the following locations: proximal nail fold, lateral nail fold and hyponychium. Total and group clearance rates as well as treatment periods according to location and disease duration were evaluated. A patient questionnaire was performed to assess the satisfaction for the treatments in those who received multiple therapies.ResultsTotal success rates were 85% (by subjects) and 91% (by individual lesions). Success rate and treatment period for proximal nail fold type seemed more desirable than other locations. Success rate decreased and treatment period increased as disease duration increased. The questionnaire revealed a significantly higher satisfaction rate for DPCP immunotherapy than for cryotherapy and pulsed-dye laser.ConclusionTopical immunotherapy with DPCP is an effective and preferred method in the treatment of periungual warts.

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“…Theories are similar to those for AA and include alterations in cytokine levels, nonspecific inflammation causing wart regression and binding of DPCP to wart protein inducing a specific immune reaction 71 . The latter is supported by the fact that warts at untreated sites may sometimes improve or clear during treatment 67,102 , 121–127 . DPCP induces a reversal of the CD4 : CD8 ratio such that CD8 cells predominate in a heavy epidermal and dermal inflammatory infiltrate 121 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The therapeutic use of topical contact sensitizers in benign dermatoses

Buckley

Vivier

2008

British Journal of Dermatology

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Topical therapy using contact sensitizers has been practised since the 1960s to treat conditions associated with an altered immunological state. Dinitrochlorobenzene, squaric acid dibutyl ester and diphencyprone are most commonly employed in the therapy of alopecia areata and viral warts. Few dermatology departments in the U.K. provide such treatment. This systematic review discusses the various contact sensitizers used for topical immunotherapy, the methodology of treatment, factors influencing efficacy and likely adverse effects.

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Clinical and Immunohistochemical Responses of Plantar Warts to Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to chronic itch, alloknesis, and spinal astrocyte activation in male mice

Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to chronic itch, alloknesis, and spinal astrocyte activation in male mice

Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone Is Effective and Preferred in the Treatment of Periungual Warts

The therapeutic use of topical contact sensitizers in benign dermatoses

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