Clinical and Laboratory Outcomes in HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 Coinfection: A Systematic Review

Montaño-Castellón, Iris; Marconi, Cleyde Sheyla Chachaqui; Saffe, Clara; Brites, Carlos

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.820727

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several factors are involved in HTLV-1 transmission and probably to the evolution to related diseases in mono-infected and HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infected individuals. Clinical aspects and outcomes in persons co-infected with both retroviruses were recently summarized in the review [37]. And as previously shown, co-infection with both retroviruses may lead to rapid evolution to AIDS and development of opportunistic infections in the absence of ART [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Human T-Lymphotropic virus type 1 and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in rural Gabon

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) co-infection occur in many populations. People living with HIV-1 and infected with HTLV-1 seem more likely to progress rapidly towards AIDS. Both HTLV-1 and HIV-1 are endemic in Gabon (Central Africa). We investigated HTLV-1 and HIV-1 co-infection in the Haut-Ogooué province, and assessed factors that may favor the rapid evolution and progression to AIDS in co-infected patients. Methods Plasma samples from HTLV-1 patients were tested using ELISA, and positive samples were then tested by western blot assay (WB). We used the polymerase chain reaction to detect HTLV-1 Tax/Rex genes using DNA extracted from the buffy coat of ELISA-positives samples. Results We recruited 299 individuals (mean age 46 years) including 90 (30%) men and 209 (70%) women, all of whom are under treatment at the Ambulatory Treatment Centre of the province. Of these, 45 were ELISA HTLV-1/2 seropositive. According to WB criteria, 21 of 45 were confirmed positive: 20 were HTLV-1 (44%), 1 was HTLV-1/2 (2%), 2 were indeterminate (4%) and 22 were seronegative (49%). PCR results showed that 23 individuals were positive for the Tax/Rex region. Considering both serological and molecular assays, the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection was estimated at 7.7%. Being a woman and increasing age were found to be independent risk factors for co-infection. Mean CD4+ cell counts were higher in HTLV-1/HIV-1 co-infected (578.1 (± 340.8) cells/mm3) than in HIV-1 mono-infected (481.0 (± 299.0) cells/mm3) Individuals. Similarly, the mean HIV-1 viral load was Log 3.0 (± 1.6) copies/ml in mono-infected and Log 2.3 (± 0.7) copies/ml in coinfected individuals. Conclusion We described an overall high prevalence of HTLV-1/HIV-1 co-infection in Gabon. Our findings stress the need of strategies to prevent and manage these co-infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Human T-Lymphotropic virus type 1 and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in rural Gabon

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…HIV and HTLV belong to the Retroviridae family and share genomic and epidemiological characteristics. Moreover, a recent meta-analysis showed that individuals with HIV and HTLV-I coinfection have accelerated HIV progression, worse survival, and a high incidence of HAM/TSP, peripheral neuropathy, encephalopathy, and opportunistic infections, such as scabies, candidiasis, and strongyloidiasis [76,77]. HTLV-1 activates CD4+ T cells, and Tax upregulates HIV-1 infection [78].…”

Section: Coinfection 421 Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

Nakahata,

Enriquez-Vera,

Jahan

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). HTLV-1 carriers have a lifelong asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host antiviral immunity; however, 5–10% of carriers lose this balance and develop ATL. Coinfection with Strongyloides promotes ATL development, suggesting that the immunological status of infected individuals is a determinant of HTLV-1 pathogenicity. As CD4+ T cells play a central role in host immunity, the deregulation of their function and differentiation via HTLV-1 promotes the immune evasion of infected T cells. During ATL development, the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in key host immunity-related genes further disturbs the immunological balance. Various approaches are available for treating these abnormalities; however, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only treatment with the potential to cure ATL. The patient’s immune state may contribute to the treatment outcome. Additionally, the activity of the anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 antibody, mogamulizumab, depends on immune function, including antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the immunopathogenesis of HTLV-1 infection in ATL and discuss the clinical findings that should be considered when developing treatment strategies for ATL.

show abstract

“…HIV and HTLV belong to the Retroviridae family and share genomic and epidemiological characteristics. Moreover, a recent meta-analysis showed that HIV and HTLV-I-coinfected subjects have accelerated HIV progression, worse survival, and a high frequency of developing HAM/TSP, peripheral neuropathy, encephalopathy, and opportunistic infections, such as scabies, candidiasis, and strongyloidiasis [76,77]. HTLV-1 activates CD4+ T cells, and Tax upregulates HIV-1 infection [78].…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

Nakahata,

Enriquez-Vera,

Jahan

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). HTLV-1 carriers have a life-long asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host antiviral immunity, but 5–10% of carriers lose this balance and develop ATL. Coinfection with Strongyloides also promotes ATL development, suggesting that the immunological status of infected individuals is a determinant of viral pathogenicity. As CD4+ T cells play a central role in host immunity, deregulation of their function and differentiation by HTLV-1 promotes the immune evasion of infected T cells. During ATL development, the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in key host immunity-related genes further disturbs immunological conditions. Various therapeutic approaches have been developed to treat these abnormalities. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only treatment with the potential to cure ATL; however, the patient's immune state may also contribute to its outcome. Additionally, the activity of the anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 antibody, mogamulizumab, also depends on immune functions, such as antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the immunological pathogenesis of HTLV-1 infection in ATL and integrate clinical findings to determine the factors to be considered for developing treatment strategies for ATL.

show abstract

Clinical and Laboratory Outcomes in HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 Coinfection: A Systematic Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Human T-Lymphotropic virus type 1 and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in rural Gabon

Human T-Lymphotropic virus type 1 and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in rural Gabon

Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About