Clinical and Molecular Characterization of a Rare Case of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myositis

Magen, Eli; Mukherjee, Sumit; Bhattacharya, Mahua; Detroja, Rajesh; Merzon, Eugene; Blum, Idan; Livoff, Alejandro; Shlapobersky, Mark; Baum, Gideon; Talisman, Ran; Cherniavsky, Evgenia; Dori, Amir; Frenkel‐Morgenstern, Milana

doi:10.3390/vaccines10071135

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In histology, however, this immunohistochemical approach has not yet been described, but it is straightforward and appears to be very useful for identifying the potential origin of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in autopsy or biopsy samples. Where additional confirmation is required, for instance in a forensic context, rt-PCR methods might be used to ascertain the presence of the vaccine mRNA in the affected tissues [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While it is widely held that spike protein expression, and the ensuing cell and tissue damage will be limited to the injection site, several studies have found the vaccine mRNA and/or the spike protein encoded by it at a considerable distance from the injection site for up to three months after the injection [ 23 , 24 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Biodistribution studies in rats with the mRNA-COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 also showed that the vaccine does not stay at the injection site but is distributed to all tissues and organs, including the brain [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodistribution studies in rats with the mRNA-COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 also showed that the vaccine does not stay at the injection site but is distributed to all tissues and organs, including the brain [ 30 ]. After the worldwide roll-out of COVID-19 vaccinations in humans, spike protein has been detected in humans as well in several tissues distant from the injection site (deltoid muscle): for instance in heart muscle biopsies from myocarditis patients [ 28 ], within the skeletal muscle of a patient with myositis [ 23 ] and within the skin, where it was associated with a sudden onset of Herpes zoster lesions after mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case Report: Multifocal Necrotizing Encephalitis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against COVID-19

Mörz

2022

Vaccines

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The current report presents the case of a 76-year-old man with Parkinson’s disease (PD) who died three weeks after receiving his third COVID-19 vaccination. The patient was first vaccinated in May 2021 with the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vector vaccine, followed by two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in July and December 2021. The family of the deceased requested an autopsy due to ambiguous clinical signs before death. PD was confirmed by post-mortem examinations. Furthermore, signs of aspiration pneumonia and systemic arteriosclerosis were evident. However, histopathological analyses of the brain uncovered previously unsuspected findings, including acute vasculitis (predominantly lymphocytic) as well as multifocal necrotizing encephalitis of unknown etiology with pronounced inflammation including glial and lymphocytic reaction. In the heart, signs of chronic cardiomyopathy as well as mild acute lympho-histiocytic myocarditis and vasculitis were present. Although there was no history of COVID-19 for this patient, immunohistochemistry for SARS-CoV-2 antigens (spike and nucleocapsid proteins) was performed. Surprisingly, only spike protein but no nucleocapsid protein could be detected within the foci of inflammation in both the brain and the heart, particularly in the endothelial cells of small blood vessels. Since no nucleocapsid protein could be detected, the presence of spike protein must be ascribed to vaccination rather than to viral infection. The findings corroborate previous reports of encephalitis and myocarditis caused by gene-based COVID-19 vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case Report: Multifocal Necrotizing Encephalitis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against COVID-19

Mörz

2022

Vaccines

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“…Also, the production of specific autoantibodies and vaccine adjuvants seem to contribute to autoimmune processes (Chen et al, 2022). Recent sequencing analyses of a blood sample from a patient who suffered from BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-associated myositis suggest the presence of mRNA vaccine fragments (Magen et al, 2022). This was associated with a low level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs detected, suggesting that the mRNA vaccine was not translated into the fulllength Spike protein in this patient.…”

Section: The Distribution Of the Product In Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Potential Conscientious Objection to mRNA Technology as Preventive Treatment for COVID-19

Provost

Derôme

Linard

et al. 2022

Vaccine Theory Prac & Res

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In the context of mass vaccination campaigns, the most widely used vaccines in Western countries are based on messenger RNA (mRNA). Some countries have imposed mandatory vaccination and many others have required a vaccination passport to access public transportation and many activities, producing systemic discrimination, social exclusion, segregation, and stigmatization against non-vaccinated individuals. This paper aims to present several scientific uncertainties on which, conscientious objectors to mRNA injections as a preventive treatment for COVID-19, could rely. Scientific data are presented on mRNA vaccines, which consist in mRNAs wrapped in lipid nanoparticles. Never used as a prophylactic drug, artificial mRNAs delivered to our cells forces them to express, against their nature, a biologically active viral protein. Unlike a drug produced in a pharmaceutical factory and formulated at a known dose and a well-defined protein product profile, the mRNA vaccine acts as a pro-drug encoding for the viral Spike protein of the virus to be produced by our own cells; both the dose and the quality of the proteins produced are unknown. We also ignore the distribution of the lipid nanoparticles carrying this mRNA in our body. We consider that the “conscientious objection” raised by the above considerations is a reason enough to refuse mRNA vaccines or similar technologies as a preventive treatment against COVID-19.

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“…For example, the dual assumptions that LNPs remain at the injection site, and that the mRNA degrades quickly have been shown to be false; biodistribution and bioaccumulation data indicate that LNPs can enter the bloodstream [14,[21][22][23][24][25], and peer-reviewed studies have shown durability of both mRNA and spike protein for in vivo [23] and up to 4 months post injection for spike protein [21]. Given the novelty of mRNA vaccines, and the increasing evidence of harm from clinical reports [15], epidemiology [26] as well as laboratory science [27], there are open safety concerns to be addressed by future research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Novelty of mRNA Vaccines and Potential Harms: A Scoping Review

Halma¹,

Rose²,

Lawrie³

2023

Preprint

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Pharmacovigilance databases are showing evidence of injury in the context of the COVID-19 modified mRNA shots. According to recent publications, adverse event reports linked to the mRNA COVID-19 products largely point to the spike protein as an aetiological agent of adverse events, but we propose that the platform itself may be culpable. To assess the safety of current and future mRNA vaccines, further analysis on the risks due to the platform itself, and not specifically the expressed antigen. If harm can be exclusively and conclusively attributed to the spike protein, then it is possible that future mRNA vaccines expressing other antigens will be safe. If harms are attributable to the platform itself, then regardless of the toxicity, or lack thereof, of the chosen payload therein, the platform may be inherently unsafe, pending modification. In this work, we examine previous studies of RNA-based delivery by a lipid nanoparticle and break down the possible etiological elements of harm.

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Clinical and Molecular Characterization of a Rare Case of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myositis

Cited by 17 publications

References 65 publications

A Case Report: Multifocal Necrotizing Encephalitis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against COVID-19

A Case Report: Multifocal Necrotizing Encephalitis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against COVID-19

Potential Conscientious Objection to mRNA Technology as Preventive Treatment for COVID-19

The Novelty of mRNA Vaccines and Potential Harms: A Scoping Review

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