Clinical and non-clinical depression and anxiety in young people: A scoping review on heart rate variability

Effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on cardiac autonomic function at a late fertile age: a prospective Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study

“…However, in that study, the women with anovulatory PCOS had a different metabolic profile than those with ovulatory PCOS and the control groups 34. Furthermore, previous studies have indicated that anxiety was associated with reduced HRV in the general population 8. In our analysis, anxiety had a weak association with rMSSD in the univariate linear regression model, although a further analysis revealed that metabolic abnormalities played a more important role in the reduction of vagal activity.…”

“…Women with PCOS are commonly overweight or obese and typically present with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia, increased blood pressure (BP), dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea,2 all of which are associated with impaired cardiac autonomic function 4–6. In the general population, the dysregulation of cardiac autonomic function has been associated with increased risk of many major global public health problems, such as depression,7 anxiety,8 hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and mortality 9. Therefore, it is not surprising that women with PCOS have been shown to present with impaired cardiac autonomic function, that is, reduced parasympathetic (vagal) activity,10–12 and increased sympathetic nervous system activity 13 14.…”

Assessing heart rate variability in type 1 diabetes mellitus—Psychosocial stress a possible confounder

“…There are indications that clinical depression is overrepresented in individuals with diabetes as compared to a population without chronic disease (Andreoulakis, Hyphantis, Kandylis, & Iacovides, 2012;Wang et al, 2019). While there is evidence that active depression significantly lowers HRV (Paniccia, Paniccia, Thomas, Taha, & Reed, 2017) A number of factors potentially interfering with the HRV analysis will mainly revert to a strong inverse correlation between HRV and HR (Billman, 2013). Small body size, being on medication such as beta-stimulators for asthma or stimulants for neuropsychiatric disorders, caffeine intake, hypoglycemia with adrenal counter regulation, infection, pain, physical activity, and stress will all increase HR.…”

Sex-Specific Differences in Severity of Depressive Symptoms, Heart Rate Variability, and Neurocognitive Profiles of Depressed Young Adults: Exploring Characteristics for Mild Depression

“…Common stressors include the struggle to establish one's identity in a new environment, academic demands, and changes in social life (1). A recent review indicated that mental health problems often begin during this transition period (2). Approximately 20%-30% of college students who were not receiving psychiatric services reported a significant experience of depression at some time (3).…”

“…Because university students rarely seek treatment for their depression symptoms, we must consider both subjective and objective assessment measures to formulate effective predictive markers for MDS. Heart rate variability (HRV) has emerged as a physiological marker for emotional regulation; however, it has rarely been used to investigate depression and anxiety in young adults (2,18,19). Furthermore, little is known about the early developmental trajectories of depression and general psychopathology in children and adolescents, and as a result, additional research that includes younger samples will be needed to explore these developmental pathways in greater detail (20).…”