Clinical and Pathogenetic Significance of Amylase Level and Microtomographic Index of Synovial Fluid in Various Joint Lesions

Abstract

The aim of the investigation was to study the level of amylolytic activity and microtomographic index of synovial fluid density as well as to substantiate their clinical and pathogenetic significance by identifying correlations with the known informative indicators reflecting characteristic features of the pathological process in various joint diseases.Materials and Methods. Samples of synovial fluid from 95 patients with various joint pathologies at the stage of the disease progression characterized by copious effusion into articular cavities have been examined. Synovial fluid samples obtained by knee arthrocentesis served as a material for the investigation. Conventional methods were used to determine the concentration of uric acid, inorganic phosphorus, total protein, and amylolytic activity level in the selected samples while X-ray density was identified by computed microtomography.Results. All samples of pathological joint fluid have shown a high level of amylolytic activity as compared to the synovial fluid from healthy joints. The relationship between the level of amylolytic activity in synovia and specific joint pathology has been identified. It has also been found that uric acid values, inorganic phosphorus concentrations, and total protein in various types of joint damage may influence X-ray density of the synovial fluid. Correlations between the studied indices have been established. Conclusion.New data on the level of synovia amylolytic activity has been obtained in one non-inflammatory and six different inflammatory diseases. Pathogenically determined correlation between the microtomographic index of synovial fluid density and concentrations of uric acid, inorganic phosphorus, total protein has been confirmed. Specific indicators of X-ray density of synovia in various joint pathologies as well as unidirectional and multidirectional data in comparison with the norm allow us to consider X-ray microtomography as a method that reveals additional details during investigation of synovial fluid density and brings new surrogate markers for the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of the development, differentiation, and treatment of various joint pathologies.

Basic principles of pharmacotherapy of diseases of the visual organs

“…These dosage forms have a prolonged bio-soluble base in their composition, the presence of which makes it possible to exclude frequent administration of the drug, while at the same time ensuring its accurate dosing. The use of ocular medicinal films allows for the preservation of the natural protective film of the cornea, which is destroyed with frequent instillations, promotes the regulation of the cellular and fibrous composition of the organizing connective tissue [11,12]. In medical ophthalmology, there is a large list of medications that have different routes of administration (parenteral, local: topical, and locally injected), which can become one of the causes of undesirable effects.…”

Evaluation of the Treatment of Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Using the Drug Baricitinib

“…In most patients, the change in the number of lymphocytes was within the range of normal values. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a decrease in the concentration of serum Creactive protein was observed as early as 1 week after the start of the use of baricitinib and remained reduced throughout the entire period of use (Alzamora et al, 2020;Schendrigin et al, 2022) .…”

“…One of the drugs that they decided to use for the treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19 was Baricitinib. Baricitinib is a drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the evaluation of its use for the treatment of COVID-19 in pregnant women is discussed further (Taylor et al, 2017;Alzamora et al, 2020;Nana & Nelson-Piercy, 2021;Rasmussen & Jamieson, 2022;Schendrigin et al, 2022).…”

Collagen Hydrolysates in the Prevention and Treatment of Arthritis

“…In chondrocytes, ascorbic acid and dihydroascorbate are translocated via sodium-dependent vitamin C transport (SVCT-2) and glucose transport GLUT 1, respectively. In vitro, ascorbate and ascorbic acid stimulated the synthesis of type I and II collagen, proteoglycans, and aggrecans in joint chondrocytes (Schendrigin et al, 2022). An in vivo study in STR/ort mice (which developed osteoarthritis) showed that long-term administration of collagen hydrolyzate can reduce the degenerativeness of cartilage tissue affected by osteoarthritis and delay its development (Rzhepakovsky et al, 2021).…”