Clinical and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Adult Patients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea from Different Sleep Clinics at a Single Tertiary Center

Abstract

Introduction The characteristics of patients across different sleep clinics may vary because they selectively visit specific specialists on the basis of their primary symptoms. This study aimed to compare the clinical and polysomnography (PSG) features of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at three sleep specialty clinics (otolaryngology [ENT], neurology [NR], and psychiatry [PSY]). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the medical records and PSG reports of adult patients who underwent full-night PSG between January 2022 and June 2023 at a tertiary medical center. The demographic, questionnaire, and PSG variables were compared. Results Of the 407 patients, 83.0% exhibited sleep-disordered breathing (apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 5) with varying severity among the specialty pathways. Patients in the ENT group ( n = 231) were the youngest and had the shortest sleep latency and most severe OSA markers with the highest positive airway pressure (PAP) acceptance, while those in the NR group ( n = 79) had similar OSA-related PSG parameters to those in the ENT group but were older and had more OSA-related comorbidities, although their PAP acceptance was relatively low. The PSY group ( n = 97) included a significant proportion of patients with normal or mild OSA, a female majority, high levels of depression, and subjective sleep distress. Conclusion Our results highlight the multidisciplinary aspects of sleep medicine and diverse patients, and specialist needs for diagnosing sleep disorders and PAP acceptance. Exploring the potential differences in prognosis and treatment responses across various sleep specialty clinics would facilitate the development of personalized strategies.