Clinical and radiological findings for the new multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19

Sánchez-Oro, Raquel; Bandpey, M.L. Fatahi; Martínez, Eric; Prades, Martínez; Muñoz, Escudero

doi:10.1016/j.rxeng.2021.03.005

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“… 6–8 There has also been a case report of a child who presented with possible appendicitis but rapidly deteriorated due to cardiac involvement of PIMS-TS. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) — A mimic of intra-abdominal malignancy

et al. 2022

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We report the case of a school-aged boy who presented with clinical features suggesting acute appendicitis. However, further imaging which included CT, demonstrated an inflammatory mass involving the transverse colon raising the suspicion of lymphoma. He then developed intestinal obstruction, and in view of the rapid progression of the disease, he was thought to have non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. He underwent an open excisional biopsy, which revealed a necroinflammatory process and no suggestion of lymphoma or an alternative malignancy or specific diagnosis. His steroid treatment was stopped, and he made a good recovery postoperatively. Positive COVID-19 antibodies, positive response to steroids, results and clinical features were consistent with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS), with extensive investigation not offering an alternative diagnosis.While PIMS-TS is a relatively new entity, we believe that this case highlights the importance of it being considered a differential diagnosis of a child presenting with an inflammatory mass.

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“… 6–8 There has also been a case report of a child who presented with possible appendicitis but rapidly deteriorated due to cardiac involvement of PIMS-TS. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also several case reports of children who underwent appendicectomy for what was later diagnosed as PIMS-TS after presenting with fever and abdominal pain 6–8. There has also been a case report of a child who presented with possible appendicitis but rapidly deteriorated due to cardiac involvement of PIMS-TS 9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) — A mimic of intra-abdominal malignancy

et al. 2022

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“…42 43 44 45 Lower lobes are involved most frequently and in contrast with adults a more centrilobular or peribronchovascular tree-in-bud pattern is observed. Cardiomegaly and signs of heart failure are usually observed in children with MIS-C. 46 Awareness of these features is important for early diagnosis and treatment. 44 45…”

Section: Chest Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[42][43][44][45] Lower lobes are involved most frequently and in contrast with adults a more centrilobular or peribronchovascular tree-in-bud pattern is observed. Cardiomegaly and signs of heart failure are usually observed in children with MIS-C. 46 Awareness of these features is important for early diagnosis and treatment. 44,45 Future Perspective in the Use of Imaging for Diagnosis of Pediatric COVID-19 ►Table 1 summarizes advantages and disadvantages of imaging examinations for COVID-19 diagnosis, whereas ►Table 2 shows imaging features in children and adults with COVID-19.…”

Section: Chest Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chest radiography in children with COVID-19 shows some typical features, but these features do not permit to distinguish COVID-19 from other airway infections. 46 47 48 It has been shown that lobe involvement percentage of up to 25% is a finding in favor of patients with positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, whereas 25 to 75% lobe involvement, central and perihilar involvement, and consolidation can be interpreted in favor of patients with negative RT-PCR. 49 However, further studies in larger populations are needed to evaluate whether the observed differences are influenced by the age of the study population.…”

Section: Future Perspective In the Use Of Imaging For Diagnosis Of Pe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 in Children: Update on Diagnosis and Management

Esposito

Abate

Laudisio

et al. 2021

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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In December 2019, a new infectious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) attributed to the new virus named severe scute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected. The gold standard for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the viral identification in nasopharyngeal swab by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Few data on the role of imaging are available in the pediatric population. Similarly, considering that symptomatic therapy is adequate in most of the pediatric patients with COVID-19, few pediatric pharmacological studies are available. The main aim of this review is to describe and discuss the scientific literature on various imaging approaches and therapeutic management in children and adolescents affected by COVID-19. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are less severe in children than in adults and as a consequence the radiologic findings are less marked. If imaging is needed, chest radiography is the first imaging modality of choice in the presence of moderate-to-severe symptoms. Regarding therapy, acetaminophen or ibuprofen are appropriate for the vast majority of pediatric patients. Other drugs should be prescribed following an appropriate individualized approach. Due to the characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatric age, the importance of strengthening the network between hospital and territorial pediatrics for an appropriate diagnosis and therapeutic management represents a priority.

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