Clinical and serologic study of the relationship of giant (ambrosia trifida) and low (ambrosia artemisiaefolia) ragweed pollen

Cooke, Robert A.; Stull, Arthur; Hebald, Selian; Barnard, James H.

doi:10.1016/s0021-8707(35)90086-7

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The passive transfer neutralization reaction as a method of study of antigen-antibody relationships was devised by C ooke et al (3) and Stu l l and Sherm an (4) and was used as an assay technique by A rbesman and E ag le (5). Their work indicated that passive transfer neutralization titrations with ragweed extracts gave a mea sure of comparison of the antigenic strength of one extract with another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Demonstration of a Quantitative Relationship Between Skin-Sensitizing Antibody and Antigen

Patterson¹,

Corrêa²

1959

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Demonstration of a Quantitative Relationship Between Skin-Sensitizing Antibody and Antigen

Patterson¹,

Corrêa²

1959

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…However, already in 1903 and 1911 it was shown that subcutaneous injection of grass pollen extracts in animals and humans induced a protective immune response [245,246]. In 1935, it was shown that this protection was due to the development of allergen-blocking IgG antibodies [247]. However, the variations in quality of natural allergens and the risk that the administration of allergens to patients may induce severe side-effects hindered a more general application of allergy vaccination.…”

Section: Vaccination In Allergy and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of immunochemistry in human health: advances in vaccinology and antibody design (IUPAC Technical Report)

Klein

Templeton

Schwenk

2014

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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This report discusses the history and mechanisms of vaccination of humans as well as the engineering of therapeutic antibodies. Deeper understanding of the molecular interactions involved in both acquired and innate immunity is allowing sophistication in design of modified and even synthetic vaccines. Recombinant DNA technologies are facilitating development of DNA-based vaccines, for example, with the recognition that unmethylated CpG sequences in plasmid DNA will target Toll-like receptors on antigen-presenting cells. Formulations of DNA vaccines with increased immunogenicity include engineering into plasmids with "genetic adjuvant" capability, incorporation into polymeric or magnetic nanoparticles, and formulation with cationic polymers and other polymeric and non-polymeric coatings. Newer methods of delivery, such as particle bombardment, DNA tattooing, electroporation, and magnetic delivery, are also improving the effectiveness of DNA vaccines. RNA-based vaccines and reverse vaccinology based on gene sequencing and bioinformatic approaches are also considered. Structural vaccinology is an approach in which the detailed molecular structure of viral epitopes is used to design synthetic antigenic peptides. Virus-like particles are being designed for vaccine deliveries that are based on structures of viral capsid proteins and other synthetic lipopeptide building blocks. A new generation of adjuvants is being developed to further enhance immunogenicity, based on squalene and other oil-water emulsions, saponins, muramyl dipeptide, immunostimulatory oligonucleotides, Toll-like receptor ligands, and lymphotoxins. Finally, current trends in engineering of therapeutic antibodies including improvements of antigen-binding properties, pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical properties, and reduction of immunogenicity are discussed. Taken together, understanding the chemistry of vaccine design, delivery and immunostimulation, and knowledge of the techniques of antibody design are allowing targeted development for the treatment of chronic disorders characterized by continuing activation of the immune system, such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, or allergies that have long been refractory to conventional approaches.

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“…While non-precipitating antitoxin appears similar in almost all respects to atopic reagin, the relationship between precipitating antitoxin and the thermostable blocking antibody studied by Cooke et al (16,17), Loveless (9), and others in the serum of treated patients and normal subjects immunized with ragweed pollen, is by no means clear. Precipitating antitoxin disappears rapidly from injected skin sites and when mixed with toxoid in certain proportions is capable of inhibiting the wheal and erythema provoked by toxoid in sensitized skin.…”

Section: Sensitizing Dose Of Antitoxinmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunochemical Studies of Antitoxin Produced in Normal and Allergic Individuals Hyperimmunized With Diphtheria Toxoid

Kuhns

Pappenheimer

1952

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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I n the preceding paper (1) immediate skin reactions of the wheal and erytherr~ type to purified diphtheria toxin and toxoid employed in the Schick test were described. The strongest reactions were observed in individuals who were Schick-negative and who had either a personal or familial history of allergy or both. Hyperimmunization of selected subjects with purified diphtheria toxoid in a number of instances yielded antisera which contained relatively high titers of non-precipitating antitoxin. Such antitoxic sera exhibited marked discrepancies between in vivo antitoxin titer as determined by the intracutaneous neutralization test in rabbits, and in vitro titer as estimated by quantitative precipitation. The development of skin sensitivity to toxin or toxoid was correlated with the presence of non-precipitating antitoxin.The present paper describes in some detail, the contrasting immunological properties of precipitating and non-precipitating human diphtheria antitoxin, both in vivo and in vitro. Materials and MethodsPreparation and properties of the purified diphtheria toxin and toxoid used and the technics employed in carrying out the intracutaneous neutralization test in rabbits and the quantitative precipitin reaction are described in the preceding paper (1).Antitoxic Sera.--Subject 4, Hu.--The preimmunization antitoxin titer as determined by rabbit skin test was between 0.1 and 1 unit/ce. No immediate reaction to the Schick control toxoid was elicited at this time. The subject was then given a single subcutaneous injection of 200 Lf of alum precipitated, purified diphtheria toxoid.

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Clinical and serologic study of the relationship of giant (ambrosia trifida) and low (ambrosia artemisiaefolia) ragweed pollen

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

The Demonstration of a Quantitative Relationship Between Skin-Sensitizing Antibody and Antigen

The Demonstration of a Quantitative Relationship Between Skin-Sensitizing Antibody and Antigen

Applications of immunochemistry in human health: advances in vaccinology and antibody design (IUPAC Technical Report)

Immunochemical Studies of Antitoxin Produced in Normal and Allergic Individuals Hyperimmunized With Diphtheria Toxoid

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